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https://hightimes.com/

Missouri House Committee Passes Psilocybin Legalization Bill for Military Veterans

The Missouri House Veterans Committee recently passed a medical psilocybin bill that would legalize psilocybin therapy for veterans and also grant funds for research on further therapeutic benefits. Currently the House bill is unpublished, but an identical Senate version of the bill was also passed recently as well. SB-768 was pre-filed in December 2023 by Sen. Holly Thompson Rehder and was most recently passed in the Senate Committee on Emerging Issues on Feb. 27, with revisions to allow military veterans over 21 to use psilocybin if they suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder or substance use disorders. Other qualifications include a requirement to “enroll or sought to be enrolled” in a study focused on psilocybin treatment and must also share their diagnosis and psilocybin use and possession with the Department of Mental Health (DoMH). The restrictions include limiting psilocybin use to a maximum of 150 mg during a 12-month period. Missouri’s “Right to Try” law allows people with terminal illnesses to gain legal access to experimental drugs. This law also applies to the psilocybin bill. “Additionally, this act modifies current law on the use of investigational drugs and devices for individuals with terminal illnesses to include individuals with life-threatening or severely debilitating conditions or illnesses,” the SB-768 states. “Currently, investigational drugs shall not include Schedule I controlled substances. This act repeals that prohibition.” As psilocybin patients are required to enroll in research initiatives, the DoMH is granting “$3 million dollars for research on the use and efficacy of psilocybin for the treatment of conditions listed in the act, with such appropriation being made from the Opioid Addiction Treatment and Recovery Fund.” The results and recommendations of this will be prepared and delivered to the governor, lieutenant governor, and general assembly every year. The research would cover “the use of psilocybin, for the treatment of patients suffering post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, substance use disorders, or who require end-of-life care.” According to the current bill text, if passed, it would take effect in August 2024. Rep. Aaron McMullen introduced the House version of SB-768 during the 2024 session. As a veteran who served in Afghanistan, McMullen has a personal connection to veterans’ needs. “Substance abuse and suicide are escalating in the veterans community,” said McMullen told The Independent in January. “While psilocybin is not a panacea for every issue, it represents a first true scientifically-validated hope that we have to address this crisis.” In a statement to the Senate Judiciary and Civil Jurisprudence Committee in January, Rehder also explained the need to stand up for veterans across the state. “Many of our veterans experience high amounts of PTSD due to serving their country—due to protecting us,” Rehder said. “There should be no limits for them when it comes to access to mental health treatment, including non-pharmacological treatments.” More support came from veteran William Wisner, who is executive director of the veteran-focused nonprofit organization Grunt Style Foundation. “My experience with these types of modalities has been that the side effects make you more empathetic,” said Wisner. “They make you kinder. They make you more open to kindness. It gives you a psychological and spiritual component to which you can engage in your own recovery.” Wisner admitted that he never would have tried psilocybin treatment if he didn’t see the transformative results in his fellow peers. Committee Chairman Dave Griffith echoed that sentiment, telling The Independent that times have changed. “If you would have told me 10 years ago that I would be chairing a committee and listening to psychedelics, I would have told you, ‘You’re crazy,’” Griffith said. “But I really have a passion for the struggles that my veteran brothers and sisters are going through, and I think we’ve got to look at the big picture.” Research on psilocybin is changing the minds of legislators across the country.  On Jan. 24 in Hawaii, a psilocybin bill aims to protect patients who choose to seek out psilocybin as a treatment for “post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), treatment-resistant depression or major depressive disorder, end-of-life anxiety, existential stress, and demoralization, anorexia, bulimia, and other eating disorders, addiction, obsessive compulsive disorder.” One bill proposed in Arizona on Feb. 2 would legalize psilocybin therapy programs, if passed. Toward the end of February, the New Mexico Senate also recently passed memorial legislation to permit the study of psilocybin and also research regulatory framework proposals. Psilocybin support isn’t limited to the U.S. In Canada, 79% of residents support psilocybin use to treat existential dread for end-of-life patients. According to study leader Michel Dorval, a researcher at CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, the evidence is increasing. “Studies have already shown that psilocybin, combined with psychotherapy, produces rapid, robust and lasting anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in patients suffering from advanced cancer,” Dorval said. “This substance can bring about a profound awareness that leads the patient to view existence from a different perspective. Treatment with psilocybin, combined with psychotherapy, can produce relief for up to six months.”

https://hightimes.com/

UAE, Home of Dubai, Exploring Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy with Pair of Conferences

Two recent conferences in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), located in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, celebrated advancing discussions about psychedelic-assisted therapy in the country, with notable speakers ranging from Rick Doblin, PhD of The Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS) to Jesse Gould of Heroic Hearts Project, according to a March 6 press release. Discussions ranged on topics from MDMA-assisted therapy to ketamine, psilocybin, and more. The country’s strict intolerance of drugs is transforming, with recently reduced penalties and a growing number of efforts to introduce psychedelic-assisted therapy. Major changes are taking place in the country as drug laws are being reformed and medical professionals are reevaluating the value of psychedelics in the field of medicine. The Energia Foundation and Tabula Rasa Ventures, which introduced psychedelic education at Davos in 2022, have been some of the players at the forefront of bringing understanding of psychedelic-assisted therapy to the UAE. Over the past 14 months, they’ve been focused on educating policymakers, sovereign wealth funds, and clinicians in the UAE about the benefits of psychedelic therapies. Last January, the 4th Abu Dhabi Integrated Mental Health conference was co-hosted by the Energia Foundation in January 2024, which included discussions led by Rick Doblin, Sherry Rais, and Maria Velkova alongside Dr. Rasheed Al Hammadi, the Director of the Department of Health in Abu Dhabi. The conference highlighted the ongoing research and potential regulatory changes for these therapies in the UAE. “Our work here has shown us that the UAE is one of the most forward-thinking, scientifically rigorous, and ambitious countries on the planet. We’re grateful to the Department of Health, SEHA, and many of the other incredible institutions that are supportive of the psychedelic education we’re bringing to the region,” said Marik Hazan, Executive Director of the Energia Foundation. Organizers explained that MDMA-assisted therapy is anticipated to receive FDA approval in the United States by September. The UAE, known for its progressive health policies, could be the second country to embrace this innovative treatment, thanks to the collaborative efforts of US-based psychedelic groups and the forward-looking stance of the UAE’s health policy. The country’s rapidly-evolving drug policies foreshadow change. Up until January 2022, the UAE had a zero-tolerance policy for illegal drug-related offenses with penalties escalating to a death sentence for drug traffickers, arrest and deportation for citizens of other countries living in the UAE caught using or possessing drugs, and three years to life for selling drugs.Tripsitter reported that before then, first-time offenders entering the country caught with cannabis, even CBD oil, could receive up to four years in prison. Things have changed: Federal Decree Law no. 30 of 2021 on Combating Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances, which took effect on January 2, 2022, brings fundamental changes to drug laws in the UAE, reducing penalties and making drug abuse a health issue. Still, psychedelics are extremely rare in the country according to anecdotal reports. Organizations are gearing up for the new territory of psychedelic-assisted therapy emerging in the region. Although penalties for travelers bringing THC products into the country have been reduced, and first-time offenders who live in the country are now offered treatment options instead of prison time, all drugs are still illegal in the UAE. High Times has documented several incidents where people foolishly brought drugs into the country.  Sill, medical professionals prepare for imminent changes in psychedelic-assisted therapy. The Dialogues in Mental Health conference, held June 10, 2023 at the upscale Conrad Hotel in Dubai, marked a historic moment for the Arabian Gulf, being the first in the region to include psychedelic programming. It was supported by the Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), the UAE’s largest healthcare network, in collaboration with government officials from the Department of Health (DoH). This initiative underscores the UAE’s commitment to pioneering health treatments and technological innovation. Notably, the Abu Dhabi Integrated Mental Health conference co-hosted by the Energia Foundation in January 2024, which included discussions led by experts such as Rick Doblin, Sherry Rais, and Maria Velkova alongside Dr. Rasheed Al Hammadi, the Director of the Department of Health in Abu Dhabi, further highlighted the ongoing research and potential regulatory changes for these therapies in the UAE. Nahida Nayaz Ahmed, Chief Medical Officer at SEHA Mental Health and Well-Being Services, expressed optimism about the future of these treatments: “We were excited to host so many experts from the emerging field of psychedelic-assisted therapy. There’s still a lot of important research that needs to be done, but I’m hopeful that these medicines can expand the arsenal of tools we have to treat our most pressing mental health challenges.” Keep an eye on the UAE, as conferences are helping to spread awareness about the need for psychedelic-assisted therapies.

https://hightimes.com/

Hawaiian Senate Overwhelmingly Approves Adult-Use Cannabis Legalization Bill

Hawaiian lawmakers are pushing forward with their latest cannabis reform effort as the state Senate passed legislation that would legalize and regulate recreational cannabis on Tuesday. In a 19-6 vote, the Hawaiian Senate approved Senate Bill 3335, which would allow adults over the age of 21 to possess up to an ounce of cannabis and up to five grams of cannabis concentrates, along with establishing a recreational cannabis sales framework.  The proposal would also enforce a 14% excise tax on recreational cannabis products and a 4% tax rate on the medical cannabis market. Residents would be allowed to grow a maximum of six plants and possess up to 10 ounces of home-grown flower. Additionally, the bill would create a social equity program and establish the Hawaii Hemp and Cannabis Authority, overseen by the Hemp Cannabis Control Board, to regulate cannabis and hemp businesses. Though the fight is far from over.  The legislation now heads to Hawaii’s more conservative House for consideration, which has historically been resistant to adult-use cannabis policies. The last time the Hawaiian Senate passed an adult-use cannabis legalization bill in 2023, it ultimately stalled in the House, but advocates are hopeful this effort will make more progress. This year’s bill, totaling more than 300 pages, was introduced in both chambers in January and is primarily based upon Hawaii Attorney General Anne Lopez’s legalization plan released in November 2023. And while many lawmakers have praised the new bill and the plan it’s based upon, advocates have expressed concerns around the bill’s creation of additional law enforcement protocols. The legislation includes provisions that impose THC blood limits for drivers, despite the fact that THC metabolites can be detected in the body days or even weeks after consumption. It also creates a cannabis enforcement unit within the Department of Law Enforcement and adds eight positions in a drug nuisance abatement unit in the AG’s office. Advocates also highlighted another provision subjecting those found with loose cannabis, an open package for a cannabis product or a cannabis pipe in a car to up to 30 days in jail. With these provisions in mind, a number of groups are pushing to make amendments to SB 3335. Karen O’Keefe, director of state policies for the Marijuana Policy Project, said that lawmakers are being faced with an opportunity, not only to enact legalization and regulation but in a manner “rooted in justice and equity, not an excessively punitive approach.”  Rather, O’Keefe said that lawmakers should see cannabis legalization as “essential criminal justice reform” and further emphasize education, reinvestment in communities, reparative justice and building a more equitable and inclusive industry. The Hawai’i Alliance for Cannabis Reform (HACR) similarly recognized that the Senate’s approval of SB 3335 was a sign of progress while referencing their ongoing concerns and proposed amendments to the legislation. The group’s amendments include eliminating the THC limit for drivers and open container provisions in the bill, with others expanding upon the social equity specifics of the legislation. “Although this is an imperfect bill that still contains far too many elements of criminalization, it’s welcome news to have a viable adult-use legalization bill that can be improved upon when it reaches the House,” said Nikos Leverenz, grants and advancement manager of the Drug Policy Forum of Hawai’i and the Hawai’i Health and Harm Reduction Center. “Drug Policy Forum of Hawaii and other members of the Hawaii Alliance for Cannabis Reform are hopeful that our proposed amendments will be considered by the House Judiciary and Hawaiian Affairs Committee.” Alongside the latest cannabis legalization bill, senators also approved a separate piece of legislation, SB 2487, which reduces penalties around possession of up to 15 grams of cannabis to a non-criminal offense. If passed, offenders would instead pay a $130 fine.  A similar bill in the House, HB 1596, would reduce penalties of cannabis possession up to one ounce and/or cannabis-related paraphernalia to a $25 fine. It seems that clearing the House is the main obstacle for recreational cannabis legalization in Hawaii, as Gov. Josh Green (D) indicated last month that he would likely sign such a bill if lawmakers sent him one.  In an appearance on Hawaii News Now, Green referenced that Hawaii must still address the social issue of cannabis legalization, even signaling that access to adult-use cannabis could act as a harm reduction effort. “I don’t think the sky would fall, honestly, if marijuana were legalized,” Green said. “I also have some thoughts that marijuana might blunt the effect, if you will, of people on these heavy drugs, these horrible drugs.” While it’s still uncertain exactly where this road will go, Senate Democrats have made it clear that cannabis legalization is a priority. At the beginning of the year, the issue appeared on the Senate’s list of priorities for the 2024 legislative session under a section centering economic development and infrastructure. “The Senate remains committed to diversifying and expanding Hawai‘i’s economy, as well as improving infrastructure throughout the State,” the section starts. It mentions “investing in emerging industries to diversify the economy” before explicitly referencing “legalizing adult-use recreational cannabis” at the very end of the section. We’ll have to wait and see if the House feels the same this time around.

https://hightimes.com/

Ketamine Busts in Australia Spike To Hit New Record

Australian border authorities confiscated nearly 900 kilos of ketamine last year, setting a new national record for seizures of the psychedelic drug. The spike in seizures of ketamine is concerning to Australian officials, who worry that organized crime groups are now focusing on illicit sales of the powerful drug. The 882 kilograms of ketamine seized last year is more than double the 415 kilos seized in 2022, according to a report from 9 News. Officials say that the majority of the ketamine seized by the Australian Border Force (ABF) was imported into the country by sea.  Testing of wastewater in Australia has revealed a new high for levels of ketamine, confirming that the psychedelic drug has become increasingly popular with the nation’s residents. Ketamine use reached a record high in April 2023, according to the latest ACIC National Wastewater Drug Monitoring Program report. Authorities discovered 84 kilos of ketamine hidden inside the panels of two brand-new delivery vans on a ship bound for Sydney last summer. After receiving a tip about the illicit shipment, the Australian Federal Police (AFP) boarded the ship in Melbourne to inspect the cargo. Officials found a total of 79 bags of ketamine hidden in the vans. After seizing the illegal shipment, they replaced the bags with dummy packets before the vessel continued its route to Sydney. Police then apprehended the recipients of the dummy bags outside Sydney and arrested three men who were charged with importing a commercial quantity of controlled drugs. “These criminal groups may think they’re being clever in the way they try to bring in these harmful substances, but they should know that the ABF is ready to respond,” ABF Assistant Commissioner James Watson said in a statement to Australian media. AFP agents made the largest ketamine bust in Australian history in July 2023 when they found 80 kilos of the drug in an ocean-going cement shipment from Spain. The bust was made after a tip from Spanish authorities and led to the discovery of 80 kilos of ketamine that had been buried at a residence. Another 14 kilos of the drug was found at a nearby storage facility and three men were arrested and face charges in the record bust. The largest amounts of ketamine were confiscated from ocean-going shipments of the drug. Additionally, officials seized smaller quantities of the drug from travelers to the country. According to media reports, ABF agents routinely find smaller amounts of ketamine in passenger luggage and arrest travelers suspected of importing the drugs. In October 2023, a Taiwanese national was arrested at Brisbane International Airport after border officials discovered 250 grams of ketamine in his luggage. Last week, an 18-year-old UK national was arrested when he arrived in Sydney and border officials discovered 20 kilos of ketamine in his luggage. The man was charged with importing commercial quantities of a controlled drug and has been denied bail in the case. Although ketamine busts in Australia rose to record levels last year, officials note that seizures of the psychedelic are much lower than other drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine, according to AFP intelligence. As ketamine busts increase, officials are warning Australians about the risks associated with taking the drug. “Ketamine is a dangerous and illicit sedative. Its dissociative effects block sensory brain signals and can cause memory loss, feelings of being detached from one’s body and prevent their ability to perceive danger,” AFP Detective-Superintendent Anthony Hall said in a statement cited by The Maritime Executive. “Unfortunately, in Australia, an average of 40 people are admitted to hospitals every week as a result of experiencing the harm caused by drug use.”

https://hightimes.com/

Travis Kelce: Cowboys Passed On Me Over Pot-Related Suspension

Travis and Jason Kelce—probably the most famous brothers to play recently in the NFL—discussed how weed-related suspensions can haunt players for years to come in a recent podcast. But for Travis it changed the course of his career, sending him on a path as a tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs. In a recent podcast New Heights with Jason & Travis Kelce, they discussed the year-long suspension that haunted Travis after he tested positive for THC in 2010 while playing for when Travis played college football for the University of Cincinnati Bearcats. In 2013, the Dallas Cowboys passed on him in an interview while scouting for talent, he explained in the podcast. After testing positive for THC in a drug test, was suspended the entire 2010 season for what the Bearcats called a “violation of team rules,” which was in fact failing a drug test for cannabis. When he tested positive, Travis was in New Orleans for the 2010 Sugar Bowl with Cincinnati. Not only was he judged and ridiculed for supposedly being immature for smoking pot, but it ended up having serious consequences at the NFL’s annual combine where they scout out new talent for future NFL stars.  USA Today reported that while future Kansas City Chiefs coach Andy Reid had faith in him, regardless of the failed drug test and subsequent suspension, “America’s Team”—the Dallas Cowboys—declined to accept him at the annual NFL combine in 2013, instead recruiting someone else. He recalled the course of events that year on the podcast, as his brother Jason pressed him for more details. “At the combine, I had some bad interviews,” Travis said. “The Cowboys, they were kind of pressing me about having this red flag of missing a year—smoking weed. I don’t know if I was having a bad morning, I basically was just, I don’t even know if I want to say this.” While Travis seemed reluctant to discuss it, Jason encouraged his brother to elaborate. “It ended really fast,” Travis added. “I basically just said, ‘If you guys think I’m gonna be that kind of guy or you’re questioning if I’m still that person after everything that I’ve battled through to get to where I am now from missing a season, then you guys probably go somewhere else and pick somebody else.’ That is exactly what they did.” So who did the Cowboys recruit instead of Kelce? The Cowboys ended up drafting tight end Gavin Escobar in the second round. He spent five seasons in the league, catching just 30 passes for 333 yards and eight touchdowns. In 2023, Travis caught 984 receiving yards, with 1,138 receiving yards in 2022. Escobar ended up being the 47th overall pick in 2013, while Kelce fell to 63, the first selection of the third round, by the Kansas City Chiefs. The episode was shared March 2 on social media. The brothers have discussed the 2010 suspension several times before. In an earlier podcast in December 2023, episode 231 of Bussin’ With the Boys, Travis mentioned his 2010 suspension and explained that it actually led him from switching positions as quarterback to tight end. “What it did was it really kicked me into the tight end room,” Travis said. “I was still playing QB then. It was like, ‘Alright, you can come walk on the team, but we don’t need a quarterback. You can just be an athlete on scout team for a year, we’ll figure it out.'” The tight end acknowledged how much things have changed. Travis in particular has opened up before about how common pot is for NFL players, and how they typically get away with it despite drug tests. In June 2023, Travis estimated that up to 80% of players in the NFL smoke pot. “If you just stop [smoking weed] in the middle of July, you’re fine,” he said. “A lot of guys stop a week before and they still pass [drug tests] because everybody’s working out in the heat and sweating their tail off. Nobody’s really getting hit for it anymore.” Former tight end Martellus Bennett estimated that closer to “89 percent” of NFL players smoke pot, and former running back Ricky Williams, who was also suspended for smoking pot, suggested “at least 80%” of players did the same. Williams, Marshawn Lynch, Tiki Barber, Calvin Johnson, and others have also invested in pot-related companies. This aligns with what is seen in other pro sports leagues like the NBA and MMA organizations like the UFC.  Jason also recently announced his retirement from the NFL after playing for 13 seasons.

https://hightimes.com/

Cannabis Waste in Washington State Would Be Diverted from Landfills Under New Bill

Senate Bill 5376 was recently passed in the House in Washington state on Feb. 29, which would establish new rules for cannabis waste if it became law. Currently, cannabis waste (specifically roots, stalks, leaves, and stems that aren’t considered to be “dangerous”) is dumped into landfills and produces methane gas as it decomposes. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 50% of landfill gas consists of methane, which is 28 times more effective than carbon dioxide to trap heat in the atmosphere. SB-5376 aims to reduce the amount of cannabis waste, and methane gas, that is being produced in Washington landfills. If the law is signed by Gov. Jay Inslee, it would allow cannabis cultivators and processors to sell that plant material with 0.3% THC or less to the general public instead. According to a report from The Spokesman-Review, public buyers could use plant waste for composting or use it to make certain hemp products such as hempcrete, which can be used to make hempcrete or insulation, or hemp fiber products like clothing or animal bedding. Seth Shamberg, who is the operations manager at Blue Roots Cannabis, a Spokane County-based producer and processor, told The Spokesman Review that they dump an estimated 2,200 pounds cannabis waste material into the landfill every month (approximately 26,400 pounds of material per year). “Usually, we mix it with dirt, cocoa, wood chips, all kinds of (organic material),” said Shamberg. “There isn’t anything recoverable once it’s been ground and mixed like that.” The material fills up a 40-yard container dumpster, and costs $600 for each one. “This doesn’t do our society any good to be continuing to fill landfills, especially when it’s being mixed with nonorganic garbage piling up or being put into plastic contractor bags before it’s dumped,” Shamberg explained. Current law in Washington state requires that processors mix cannabis waste with 50% other materials such as paper waste, cardboard waste, plastic waste, or soil. Many processors utilize cat litter or mulch wood chips. According to Zero Waste Washington executive director Heather Trim mixing in non-cannabis material with cannabis waste only further contributes to the production of methane gas. Trim estimates that nearly 500-1,100 pounds of cannabis is dumped into landfills each week during the growing season in Washington state (based on approximately 1,000 licensed growers). Trim added that SB-5376 is supported by a House Bill 1799, which was passed in Washington state in June 2022. The bill aims to “reduce methane emissions by diverting organic materials from municipal landfills where they would decompose and create the gas.” Currently, the goal is to require residents and businesses to remove organic material from the garbage and have it collected by an “organics collector or composting facility.” According to SB-5376, cannabis waste can’t be reused if it’s considered to be “dangerous.” This includes both its THC content, but also any pesticides that were used during the cultivation process. Any materials that are toxic or flammable would not be permitted. During the sale process, it must be available to the public “on an equal and nondiscriminatory basis.” All purchases and details, including the quantity, price, and name of person or organization who purchases the cannabis waste, must be reported to the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board as well as the Department of Agriculture. “It would be nice to see the [Legislature] start to give more detail to some of the cannabis policies that we have in order to give us the opportunity to better rectify the issues that we face,” said Shamberg. At the House meeting on Feb. 29, Rep. Shelley Kloba offered support of the bill, which she described as creating “a circular economy.” Cultivators would potentially be able to earn extra revenue, and those who buy the waste can benefit from reusing the products, while all parties help reduce waste in the landfill. However, Rep. Leonard Christian expressed his opposition due to personal negative memories of how cannabis affected his youth. He explained how his mother worked as a cross country trucker and would leave money for he and his siblings. Unfortunately, his sibling would use the money to buy cannabis, leaving Christian only able to obtain food at school. “I’ve seen it wreck a lot of lives over the years,” said Christian. “It’s just not for me, and I’m not going to vote for a marijuana bill.” A recent report published by Health Canada in January shows that the country has disposed of 3.7 million pounds of cannabis since legalization began in 2018. The disposed cannabis wasn’t waste however, an expert believes it was mainly product that was either too old or had too little THC to be sold. “There is no demand for old and low-THC products, so manufacturers of finished products are not buying this biomass as inputs,” said industry consultant Farrell Miller. “It’s likely low-quality material with no value. As consumers become more savvy with packaging dates on dried cannabis products, this trend will only continue.”

https://hightimes.com/

Oregon Cannabis Grower Dies After Nurse Allegedly Replaces his Fentanyl IV with Tap Water

A lawsuit has accused an Oregon nurse of replacing a patient’s fentanyl IV with tap water, leading to a bacterial infection that killed him. Horace Wilson, known to his family and friends as “Buddy” was a founding member of an award-winning Oregon cannabis company called Decibel Farms. He fell off a ladder in January of 2022, which ruptured his spleen causing him to be hospitalized. He underwent several surgeries after which he started experiencing complications, including sepsis. A blood test revealed a bacterial growth later identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis, according to the Oregonian. Wilson died on February 25 from treatment-resistant sepsis related to this infection. At the time of Wilson’s death, his family and business partner passed it off as basic incompetence on the hospital’s part mixed with bad luck, but two years after Wilson’s death, some shocking new developments began to unfold implicating that a nurse working for Asante Rogue Regional Medical Center where Wilson was receiving care may have been siphoning fentanyl out of IV bags and replacing it with tap water, leading to the bacterial infection that ultimately killed him. His estate filed a lawsuit against the nurse in question this past Monday. The Medford Police Department released a statement about the matter on January 3. “In early December 2023 the Medford Police Department was contacted by officials from Asante in regard to a former employee that they believe was involved in the theft of controlled substances prescribed to patients. Additionally, there was concern that this behavior resulted in adverse patient care, though the extent of the impact on those patients is yet to be determined. MPD is actively working on investigating these claims,” a Medford Police Department Facebook post said. “MPD has received numerous calls from individuals asking if they or a family member have been impacted by the suspected actions of the former Asante employee. Asante has informed MPD that they have identified the involved patients and have notified or are in the process of notifying them or their families. It is unclear exactly how many patients may have been affected by the nurse’s alleged actions but a lawyer representing the estate of Horace Wilson told the Oregonian he has at least nine clients whose medications may have been swapped out for tap water. The nurse in question was named in the $11.5 million lawsuit as Dani Marie Schofield, though Medford police have not confirmed that she is a suspect nor has Asante released a statement about her.  Shaun Bishop of Decibel Farms and Horace Wilson’s business partner before he passed told High Times that his friend Buddy has been dearly missed, and the recent news about the possibility that his death may have been avoidable has “added insult to injury.” “When it came to the time of his death, we all just kind of threw our hands up and we’re like, yeah, hospitals suck, you know. That’s a good place to go if you want if you wanna die,” Bishop said. “We just saw through it and figured it was incompetence just from modern medicine and hospitals and the way they operate. But finding out that it was from criminal activity brings a whole ‘nother source of pain to the situation for me and primarily his children.” Bishop stressed that Wilson was a great business partner, great friend, lover of cannabis and loved his kids more than anything else in the world. He left behind five children, one of whom, Bishop told High Times, was at his side the entire time he was in the hospital. To Bishop’s knowledge, that same child wrote a letter of complaint to Asante Rogue Regional Medical Center regarding Schofield and her perceived incompetence at the time, though none of them necessarily suspected criminal activity at the time. “[Wilson’s daughter] spent the month he was in the hospital. She was there primarily by herself for most of that time except when the other kids or I would come visit. So she was the closest to the nurse,” Bishop said. “She knew that nurse on a daily basis and had really weird feelings about her since the beginning. She voiced it early, early on that there’s something wrong with that nurse. We were like, yeah, we know, [name redacted] It’s frustrating being in the hospital, but we didn’t know it was a criminal vibe she was picking up.” The child in question whose name I’ve left out of this out of an abundance of respect for the privacy of the family declined to comment for this article because it could affect the integrity of the lawsuit. No criminal charges have yet been announced against Schofield. The business Wilson left behind is a multiple award-winning cannabis producer that helped pioneer the very early days of Oregon’s legal market. Bishop told High Times that Wilson dying was incredibly hard on the company but also that he helped lay down a solid framework so Decibel Farms could continue on without him.

https://hightimes.com/

Kind Oasis: Where Exceptional Quality and Kindness Meet in Delta-9 Edibles

As much as it pains me to admit, my days of dabbing and burning fatties all day are over. Not only am I in my thirties, but I am also a mother of actual people and I just can’t be smelling like an ashtray all the time, it’s a bad look at the PTA meeting. I have turned to edibles for obvious reasons, but here in Hawaii, they are notoriously hard to come by. There are only 3 dispensaries on the entire island and inventories are unpredictable at best. Kind Oasis enters the chat and suddenly edibles are available for front-door delivery like Amazon. Not only do they taste good but, yes, they actually work too. Derived from farm bill-compliant hemp, the Delta-9 and CBD infused-edibles follow strict ingredient standards and are subjected to rigorous third-party testing.  Their flagship Delta-9 Gummies come in three dosages: 10mg, 20mg, and 30mg. Flavors include Assorted Fruit, Sour Assorted Fruit, and Sour Strawberry in 15, 20, or 30 count packages. Some varieties are paired with CBD for an entourage effect.  Delta-9 Chocolates come in dark, milk chocolate, and cookies ‘n cream flavors in addition to peanut butter cups and bars—ranging in strength from 5mg to 25mg. Some of these options are also paired with CBD. Thanks to the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp-derived cannabinoids like Delta-9 and CBD are legal in all 50 states—as long as the total dry weight of Delta-9 THC is below 0.3%. One 10g gummy could legally contain up to roughly 30mg of Delta-9 according to the regulation. “Federally legal” means they can be shipped to anywhere in the United States, and paid for with a credit or debit card (unlike most dispensaries).  Kind Oasis retails a plethora of edibles, the two primary types being the jars of gummies and boxes of chocolates with dosage ranging from 10-30mg of Delta-9. Other fully-legal cannabinoids available are THCV, THCP, Delta-8, and CBD. The latter of which comes in three options: full spectrum, broad spectrum, and isolate.  Made in small batches in the Kind Oasis’ “Infusion Kitchen” with organic tapioca syrup and fruit and vegetable powders, the vegan gummies have a simple ingredient list of things you can actually pronounce.  There is very little difference between hemp-derived Delta-9 THC, and cannabis-derived THC, on a molecular level. They both behave psychoactively, to similar degrees. When I tried the 10 mg Delta-9 gummies for the first time, I was skeptical at best. “How could these work as well as my favorite dispensary-bought edibles”, I asked myself. As a seasoned and regular edible taker, sensitive to onset time as well as effect, I was curious how my body would metabolize the gummies.  Much like my holy grail gummy, Kind Oasis gummies kicked in within 45 minutes. The high was sustained and steady, I never quite reached the point where I had to actively reassure myself that I was, indeed, high, and that it would be over soon. That dosage was perfect for a daytime mood change. Doubled it, it was perfect for a nighttime movie-and-cuddle session. We melted into the couch, watched Pulp Fiction, and blissfully enjoyed each other’s company with no paranoia or weird side effects (going non-verbal).  The chocolates were so delicious I had to audibly talk myself out of not eating them all. I overindulged in the milk chocolate peanut butter cups and saw God on my ceiling, but it was worth every bite. Other chocolate varieties I tried include peanut butter crunch bars and cookies and cream squares, both of which I give a resounding 9/10.  An important point to make is that Kind Oasis is family-owned and operated, they aren’t a nameless, faceless conglomerate hoping to make a quick buck. Kind Oasis boasts values centered around the health and wellness of the people and the de-stigmatization of the plant. I don’t know about you, but for me, that is comforting in many ways after being subjected to large-scale MSO’s with not a shred of decency or authenticity to their name. Whether it’s hosting regular yoga, sound healing, and wellness workshops at their East Side Milwaukee location; contributing to community block parties and various music, art, and cultural events across Milwaukee and the wider Southeast Wisconsin region; or educational outreach with their knowledgeable staff, Kind Oasis walks the walk. Community-centered to its core, the brand is also deeply invested in nurturing Wisconsin’s hemp ecosystem—collaborating with farmers, suppliers, and neighboring small businesses to bolster the local economy.  While edibles have been around for decades, having a viable option for consistent, reliable, and easy access to edibles has always been one of the largest issues facing cannabis consumers. Bigger brands in California are relatively uniform in their production, but smaller, local brands can come and go—often taking your favorite product along with them. And if you’re traveling out of state, you’d better stock up because chances are that same brand won’t be available (if you can even get weed at all).  Maybe I’m just an OCD weirdo, but I personally like having my favorite products I know I can order time after time, which give me the same effect I’ve come to expect. It’s like Starbucks: I already know I’m going to get exactly what I want, when I want it. I have no problem trying new coffee shops (or different brands of edibles), but whether or not I will enjoy the goods is another story.  The ability to order your favorite Kind Oasis product in your specific dosage for delivery to your vacation AirBnb seems simple, but the novelty is actually a pretty revolutionary idea and changes the landscape of demand. It takes the guesswork out of the vacation dilemma that plagues every stoner who travels: how are we going to get high? By sticking to strict standards and a community-focused ethos, Kind Oasis is helping to remove the biggest barrier to cannabis consumers everywhere: access and consistency.  They aren’t “just another edible company that sells sub-par products on the internet”, they are a legitimate contender in the edible market quickly making a name for themselves. 

https://hightimes.com/

Fear and Loathing in Laos

One of the first things I did after arriving in Bangkok was purchase a pack of Marlboros from 7-Eleven, which in Southeast Asia sells microwavable curry and instant noodles instead of slushies and hot dogs. I had made a small effort at quitting during the winter, but after the 30-hour journey I felt like I deserved a cigarette. I planned on smoking only one and giving the rest away, but unsurprisingly ended up finishing the entire pack. Then one pack became two packs, and so on and so on. Two months later, I’m too embarrassed to keep count. Hiding from the sun in the shadow of a Buddhist temple, my nicotine rush faded and gave way to disappointment. At least I wasn’t the only one lacking self-control, though. Backpacking through Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam, you find no shortage of people who are temporarily turning a blind eye to their vices. Potheads gravitate towards the neon-lit dispensaries of Bangkok’s Khaosan Road. Vegetarians adjust their diets to try out fried crickets, skewered frogs, and other delicacies. Horny adolescents risk going on Tinder dates in Laos, a country where – just Google this if you don’t believe me – having sex with a non-national could land you in jail. Day drinking and chain smoking are the norm, not the exception.  Part of me had hoped Southeast Asia’s spiritual aura would help me master my addiction, but this was not the case. The closest I got to interacting with a monk was when I handed one a bowl of white rice on the streets as they made their daily rounds begging for food. I saw them everywhere – not only inside temples, but also at convenience stores, train stations, and airport lobbies.  Their bald heads and bright orange robes became a familiar sight at national parks, caves, and other monuments, where – iPhones in hand – they snapped pictures of each other just like any of the other tourists. In hindsight, it’s silly (and perhaps a little bit racist) to have expected all monks to look and act the way they do in western films – ascetic, emaciated, meditating underneath a Bodhi tree, but while they engaged in all sorts of activities that aren’t generally considered monk-like, almost all of them always looked happy and content.  I’ve become very interested in eastern thought in recent years, and although I have yet to take the time to study the wisdom of Lao Tzu, Bodhidharma, or the Upanishads, I have listened to copious amounts of Alan Watts. The bearded British philosopher had been showing up in my YouTube feed for quite some time, and while my initial impression was that he was no different from all those delusional self-help gurus currently dominating the internet, his talks really did leave me positively spellbound.  The way I see it, the thing about Buddhism and other ancient religions concerned with living a good life – Christianity included – is that the seemingly complicated ideas they’re getting at are actually quite simple and obvious, so simple and obvious that we don’t give them the attention they deserve, much like how we don’t actively think about eating, breathing, or brushing our teeth.  Watts had a special talent for making his audience pause and reflect. He does this, for instance, when he explains the foolishness of people who turn to Buddhism for self-help reasons. Wanting to follow in the Buddha’s footsteps, and extinguish the source of suffering that is desire, they fail to acknowledge the elephant seated on their yoga mat: that wanting to stop desiring is, in itself, a form of desire.  Watts also said that a true Zen master won’t want to teach you, because there is nothing to teach, and that a person cannot pull themselves up by their own bootstraps, because the part of you that is pushing for self-improvement is indistinguishable from the part that needs to be improved. These observations followed me as I smoked my way through Southeast Asia, providing me with a reason not to be too angry with myself and, at the same time, a belief that change was still somehow possible. My nightly listens to Watts and other experts on eastern thought – occasionally shared with other backpackers staying at my hostel dormitories – also taught me to recognize the lies that my nicotine addiction were passing off as truth, ranging from the nonsensical – i.e. that cigarettes somehow won’t affect my health if I smoke them in places I don’t consider home – to the downright diabolical, like that there is no point in even caring about my health because war and climate change and AI will destroy life on Earth long before I’ll be old enough to die from cancer. (Knock on wood). Mindfulness cultivated through meditation and reflection eases the anxiety that makes us reach for cigarettes, alcohol, and other coping mechanisms. One of the main reasons I enjoy listening to Watts is that he is one of the few people who in moments of stress can truly make me understand that there is no point in feeling fearful or depressed – the kind of feelings I would otherwise treat with nicotine.  Others treat it with alcohol or drugs or – indeed – with traveling. I actually met a couple of long-term backpackers who, after hitting slow or low points on their trips, spoke candidly about their struggles with mental health. Nursing a mango smoothie in the mountains of Vietnam, an American in his mid-30s told me that, after spending several years on the road, he no longer knew if he was if he was traveling because he genuinely wanted to explore the world, or because he feared he’d harm himself if he remained in one place and allowed his demons to catch up to him.  His was an extreme case, but the truth is that the vast majority of backpackers have come to the other end of the world because they are going through some kind of personal reckoning. More than half of the people that I met in hostels say they quit their job and that the main purpose of their trip, aside from, of course, sightseeing and all that, is learning why they weren’t happy doing what they did at home, and what they might do instead when they come back.  A final quote from Watts that stuck with me was “To travel is to be alive, but to get somewhere is to be dead.” I certainly felt a little dead inside after boarding my plane last week, and not just because I spent 10 hours sleeping on the cold floor of Shanghai’s Pudong International Airport on a midnight layover, or because the weather in my native Netherlands is – as always – as cheerful as a Lexapro commercial.  Rather, I felt dead because backpacking trips themselves are like mini versions of a human life, and coming home feels like leaving that life behind. The airplane – a dark liminal space suspended in the sky – is like being inside a mother’s womb, while leaving the airport is like being born. Naked and afraid, you enter a completely alien environment whose rules and history are yet unknown but pieced together as you move from hostel to hostel, city to city, country to country.  By the time you board your return flight, you are no longer a baby but a wise old geezer who can navigate without Google Maps, ride on the back of a motorbike without feeling like you have to wrap your arms around the driver as though your lives depend on it, and say “hello” and “thank you” in the local language with pronunciation that doesn’t make native speakers frown or snort.  You board another plane, this one not a womb but coffin en route to the underworld, and as it takes off you browse your photos and look back on a life well lived, from its struggles – like that nicotine addiction you still haven’t been able to beat – to its joys, including the people you smoked with, and the places you smoked at.  Though I didn’t manage to quit while I was abroad, quitting at home is going pretty well. Maybe it’s the change of scenery. But really, I think it’s the sense of finality that comes with ending a long trip. Smoking, I now tell myself, is something I did in a previous life, and that life is over.  

https://hightimes.com/

Maryland Dispensary Fined $26,000 for Selling Cannabis From a Dumpster

Maryland-based dispensary, Far & Dotter, and Curio Wellness was recently hit with a fine of $26,000 for selling cannabis that was removed from a dumpster. According to a Maryland Cannabis Administration (MCA) consent order shared by The Baltimore Banner, a total of 64 units of cannabis (224 grams) product were thrown into the garbage outside of Curio Wellness’ Far & Dotter dispensary, located in Timonium, Maryland in July 2023. The order states that the store received a delivery of Amnesia OG flower in sealed jars, but does not specify the reason as to why it was thrown away. The products sat in the garbage for approximately 41 hours and nine minutes. Video footage shows three employees “leaning over the dumpster” to pull out the products. Further video footage shows one employee repackaging the products, and later told the MCA that they did so “because the original packaging was covered in a liquid substance.” A statement from Curio Wellness claims that no liquid or other substances reached the pre-packaged cannabis products. “The aforementioned product was inside sealed jars, within sealed boxes, and it is undisputed that no outside material ever breached the jars or touched the product,” Curio stated. The incident came to light when a Far & Dotter inventory manager listed as “A.J.” reported it to the MCA. According to that individual, they recommended that the cannabis be destroyed rather than being recovered and resold, but management “insisted on not losing the profit.” A.J. was terminated from their position prior to them emailing the MCA. An unnamed Far & Dotter general manager made the decision “on her own” to sell the cannabis that was previously in the dumpster. During the time that the repackaged cannabis was on store shelves, between July 28-Aug. 3, it was sold to 24 medical cannabis patients and 18 recreational consumers, a combined value of $3,174.50. The consent order verifies that the MCA “has received no reports of adverse incidents related to its sales of the Amnesia OG product.” Curio co-founder Wendy Bronfein told MJBizDaily in a statement that they are committed to launching an internal investigation to adhere to the law. “Non-adherence to safety and compliance procedures is not taken lightly, nor tolerated,” Bronfein wrote. “Curio prides itself on trusted relationships with our customers and employees and strives to maintain excellence throughout all operations, with a high commitment to safety and compliance procedures.” In addition to the $26,000 fine for violating the law, the dispensary must submit its green waste logs to the MCA every month for the next six months and is also required to submit “scale calibration and cleaning logs” to the MCA for monthly review as well. All employees will need to be retrained on how to properly dispose of green waste. According to the MCA, green waste disposal includes contaminated cannabis, damaged or opened products, expired products, products without labels, recalled products, and much more. To dispose of any such green waste, the business must report it on a Cannabis Green Waste Log that details the date and time of destruction, as well as the product name, metric tag number, product weight, the reason for the product being labeled as waste, and the method of destruction. Common methods of destruction are listed as “returned to grower or processor, kitty litter, mulch, bleach, etc.” Recreational cannabis sales began in July 2023, and collected $20 million in sales during its first month. Reports show that the state has doubled its sales since then, and as of January 2024, total sales collected has amounted to $700 million. According to SunMed Growers president Jake Van Wingerden, the steady increase in sales has allowed the company to give raises to employees. “Once legalization happened we were able to stabilize and a lot of our projections came true,” said Van Wingerden. “We recently at SunMed gave the entire staff a 5-dollar-an-hour raise across the board. So, we were very excited to be able to reinvest back into our team and our people.” SunMed is one of the largest cannabis farms currently operating in Maryland. Last month in Maryland, Police Chief Marchus Jones stood up against county regulations that currently require new law enforcement recruits from having consumed cannabis within the past three years. “I think in today’s environment, where we are with the legalization of cannabis, that has now restricted law enforcement agencies, particularly larger agencies, across the state,” said Jones. Montgomery County Assistant Chief Administrative Officer Earl Stoddard also commented on the rule. “Having a legal drug become a barrier to increasing law enforcement seems like it’s a bad policy,” Stodder said. “It’s a big issue now, but it’s going to become an increasingly large issue as more people who have consumed with legalization consider policing, they realize they’re ineligible, that’s when we expect to see a bigger drop-off in applications.” Jones called on the Maryland Police Training and Standards Commission to reevaluate the three-year rule, and the commission confirmed it would study alternatives but did not provide an estimated timeline.

https://hightimes.com/

Three Out of Four Americans Live in State with Adult-Use or Medical Cannabis, Pew Research Center Finds

The majority of Americans now live in a state that has legalized adult-use or medical cannabis, a new Pew Research Center analysis indicates. In addition, nearly 80% of U.S. residents also have at least one cannabis dispensary in their county. “According to our analysis, 74% of Americans live in a state where marijuana is legal for either recreational or medical use,” Caleb Keller, a communications assistant with Pew Research Center told High Times. “Our analysis finds that around three-quarters of all dispensaries in the country are in states that have legalized the recreational use of marijuana,” the Pew Research Center reports. “Another 23% are in medical marijuana-only states. In fact, two of the top five states with the largest number of dispensaries—Oklahoma and Florida—allow the drug for medical use only.” In addition, nearly 80% of Americans live in a county with at least one cannabis dispensary. Even for people that live in states and areas that don’t allow cannabis, dispensaries near state borders are also thriving, often next to states with less permissive cannabis laws. The catalyst for change was the approval of California’s Prop. 215 in 1996, ushering in the era of state cannabis laws. (California is now home to a quarter of dispensaries in the U.S.) That number has since grown to 38 medical cannabis markets and more with limited forms of medical cannabis. Pew Research released the following key findings: Pew based updated cannabis laws on data from the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML), and all information is current as of February 2024. According to NORML, there are now 24 states plus the District of Columbia that have legalized adult-use cannabis as of February 2024, and another 14 states allow medical cannabis. A remaining 12 states have legalized limited access to cannabis products that contain little to no THC, i.e. things like CBD oil. Finally, 27 states across all levels of legalization have decriminalized adult-use cannabis. For population estimates at the state, county and census tract levels, Pew Research relied on the U.S. Census Bureau—specifically, Table B01003 of the American Community Survey’s 5-year estimates for 2019.  County-level estimates include counties and county equivalents (such as Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska). For median household incomes at the state and census tract levels, we used Table S1901 of the same publication. For information about cannabis dispensaries, including geolocation details, Pew researchers used data provided by SafeGraph, which curates information about millions of places of interest around the globe Another interesting finding is that state borders do little to stop people from getting access to cannabis: one in every five dispensaries in the U.S. is located within 20 miles of a state border. And 29% of these border dispensaries adjoin a neighboring state with less permissive cannabis laws. Household incomes in areas with high concentrations of dispensaries varied depending on the state, dispelling the myth that they thrive in low-income areas.  “In four states that have legalized marijuana for both recreational and medical purposes—Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland and Virginia—median annual household incomes are at least $20,000 lower in areas with high concentrations of dispensaries than areas in the state with low concentrations of dispensaries,” Pew Research Center reports. “In New Hampshire and New York, by contrast, median household incomes are around $20,000 or more higher in areas with many dispensaries than in areas with few dispensaries.” The findings show how state cannabis laws have spread since the first statewide law establishing a medical cannabis market in 1996.

https://hightimes.com/

Study Finds Cannabis Users Have Lower Chance of Cognitive Decline

The use of cannabis was associated with lower rates of subjective cognitive decline (SCD), according to the findings of a new study from researchers affiliated with the State University of New York (SUNY). The research found that participants who use marijuana for recreational or medicinal purposes reported less confusion and memory loss compared to those who do not use weed.  The new study, which was published online last month by the journal Current Alzheimer Research, found that recreational cannabis use had the most significant impact on cognitive decline. “Compared to non-users,” the authors wrote, “non-medical cannabis use was significantly associated with 96% decreased odds of SCD,” according to a report from Filter. People who used cannabis for medicinal reasons or for both recreational and medical purposes also showed “decreased odds of SCD.” However, the differences did not rise to the level of statistical significance. The authors of the study note that previous research has found a link between heavy cannabis use and cognitive performance. Past studies have shown that frequent or heavy marijuana use was associated with lower verbal recall performance, subjective memory complaints and lower cognitive function, among other signs of mental decline. “However, the cognitive implications of cannabis are not only determined by the frequency of cannabis consumption,” the researchers wrote, adding that other factors including the particular product used, method of consumption, and reason for use could also “impact the cognitive effects associated with cannabis use.” “Our study addresses these knowledge gaps by comprehensively examining how reason, frequency, and method of cannabis use are associated with SCD among US middle-aged and older adults,” the authors of the study added. To conduct the study, researchers at SUNY Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York analyzed health survey data from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The researchers note that the system’s cognitive decline model “was restricted to respondents aged 45 years and older in Washington DC and 14 US states (GA, HI, MS, OR, PA, TN, TX, WI, CO, MD, MI, OH, OK, and NY).” The total sample included 4,744 observations with valid SCD responses. The survey asked respondents, “During the past 12 months, have you experienced confusion or memory loss that is happening more often or is getting worse?” Respondents were given the option to reply yes, no, don’t know/not sure, or to refuse the question. The researchers analyzed the survey data based on three cannabis variables including frequency of use over the past month, ranging from zero to 30 days; reason for cannabis use, which included non-user, medical, non-medical or both; and the method of cannabis consumption, such as non-user, smoke, eat, drink, vaporize, dab or other. “We found that non-medical cannabis use was significantly associated with reduced odds of SCD in comparison to non-users,” the researchers wrote, adding that there are several possible reasons for the study’s findings. The researchers offered several possible reasons that could explain why cannabis use was associated with reduced rates of self-reported cognitive decline. They note that many people use cannabis to help them sleep, citing a recent study that found that “more frequent sleep disturbances were associated with higher dementia risk in a national US older adult sample.” “Several studies have found that cannabis use might enhance sleep quality, expedite sleep onset, and reduce sleep disturbances. Non-medical cannabis use could have contributed to the observed decrease in SCD due to its potential benefit on sleep quality,” the discussion section of the new paper said. The results of the study were not consistent for some variables, however. Researchers found an association between the method of cannabis consumption, including a higher prevalence of SCD among cannabis smokers. The research also found an association between the frequency of use and cognitive decline. “Although increased frequency and different methods of cannabis use showed positive associations with SCD, these relationships were not statistically significant.” The researchers stressed that the study does not refute previous research that has shown frequent or heavy marijuana use was associated with cognitive decline. Instead, they said that the mixed findings indicate the need for further research on the subjects. “Our findings underscore the importance of considering multiple factors, such as the reasons for cannabis use, when examining the relationship between cannabis and SCD,” the authors wrote in their conclusion. “Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms contributing to these associations.” The authors noted several limitations to the study, including a reliance on self-reported data. They also reported possible bias in responses from participants in states that have not legalized medical cannabis, noting that “individuals in such states may be more likely to underreport or misreport their cannabis use.” The study was published as an “article in press,” indicating that it has been accepted by the journal and copyedited and formatted for publication. Further corrections or proofreading changes could come before the article’s final version is published.

https://hightimes.com/

Legal Weed Sales in New Mexico Top $1 Billion

The office of New Mexico Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham said Tuesday that cannabis consumers “have purchased more than $678.4 million worth of adult-use cannabis products and $331.6 million in medical products since April 1, 2022,” and that, to date, “the state has recorded more than 21 million transactions with $75 million in cannabis excise taxes going to the state general fund and local communities.” “This is a huge milestone for New Mexico’s cannabis industry,” Lujan Grisham, a Democrat, said in a statement. “Nearly two years after beginning sales, New Mexico is on the map as a premier hub for legal and safe cannabis and the thriving business community that comes with it.” The $1 billion threshold represents a significant milestone for New Mexico’s legal weed industry, which opened for business in April of 2022. (The state officially legalized adult-use marijuana a year earlier, in 2021, when Lujan Grisham signed into law the Cannabis Regulation Act.) Almost one year exactly, Lujan Grisham announced that the state had hit $300 million in adult-use pot sales. “In just one year, hundreds of millions of dollars in economic activity has been generated in communities across the state, the number of businesses continues to increase, and thousands of New Mexicans are employed by this new industry,” Lujan Grisham said at the time. “I’m excited to see what the future holds as we continue to develop an innovative and safe adult-use cannabis industry.” In that announcement, the governor’s office said that monthly sales “have remained consistent throughout the last year, with March 2023 marking the highest adult-use sales at $32.3 million,” and that, as of March 2023, “more than $27 million in cannabis excise taxes has gone to the state general fund and to local communities.” “To date, the state has recorded more than 10 million transactions. More data on sales and licenses can be found here,” the office said in a press release at the time. In Tuesday’s announcement of the $1 billion milestone, the governor’s office said that “Albuquerque remains the top city in the state for cannabis sales with more than $202 million in adult-use products being sold since legalization,” while “Sunland Park, one of the many communities that has been positively impacted by cannabis tourism, recorded $57.4 million in adult-use sales.” It isn’t a surprise that Albuquerque, New Mexico’s largest city, would boast the highest sales tallies. The city reportedly has more cannabis dispensaries than it does liquor stores. Tuesday’s press release from the governor’s office indicated that smaller communities in New Mexico “are also reaping the benefits of the flourishing cannabis industry.” “Municipalities like Las Vegas, Silver City, and Deming have each seen more than $5 million in adult-use sales since April 2022,” the press release said. “As of March 1, 2024, the state has issued 2,873 cannabis licenses across New Mexico, including 1,050 retailers, 878 manufacturers, and 459 micro producers.” Lujan Grisham’s signing of the Cannabis Regulation Act in 2021 made New Mexico the 18th state to legalize adult-use marijuana. “The legalization of adult-use cannabis paves the way for the creation of a new economic driver in our state with the promise of creating thousands of good paying jobs for years to come,” Lujan Grisham said at the time. “We are going to increase consumer safety by creating a bona fide industry. We’re going to start righting past wrongs of this country’s failed war on drugs. And we’re going to break new ground in an industry that may well transform New Mexico’s economic future for the better.” Her office projected that “sales of adult-use recreational cannabis could amount to $318 million in the first year, creating over several years what could be more than 11,000 new jobs,” and pointed to preliminary estimates that suggested “the excise tax will raise at least $20 million for the general fund in the first full fiscal year, with significant growth in subsequent years.” “As we look to rebound from the economic downturn caused by the pandemic, entrepreneurs will benefit from this great opportunity to create lucrative new enterprises, the state and local governments will benefit from the added revenue and, importantly, workers will benefit from the chance to land new types of jobs and build careers,” the governor added then. “This legislation is a major, major step forward for our state,” she continued. “Legalized adult-use cannabis is going to change the way we think about New Mexico for the better – our workforce, our economy, our future. We’re ready to break new ground. We’re ready to invest in ourselves and the limitless potential of New Mexicans. And we’re ready to get to work in making this industry a successful one.”

https://hightimes.com/

Oregon Lawmakers Backtrack on Drug Decriminalization as Reversal Bill Goes to Gov

Oregon has been at the forefront of new movements before, often encouraging other states across the country to follow in its footsteps. The state is now gearing up to usher in a new chapter, but this time rather than taking steps forward, Oregon is attempting to backtrack a landmark piece of legislation passed just over three years ago that decriminalized possession of small amounts of drugs. On Friday, the Oregon Legislature passed a bill recriminalizing possession of small amounts of drugs. In a 21-8 vote, the Oregon Senate approved House BIll 4002 after the House passed it 51-7 on Thursday. Now, Gov. Tina Kotek will have the final sign off as the bill heads to her desk. The Senate passed House Bill 5204 with a 27-3 vote on Thursday as well to approve the $211 million in funding, which also heads to Kotek’s desk. “With this bill, we are doubling down on our commitment to make sure Oregonians have access to the treatment and care that they need,” said Democratic Senate Majority Leader Kate Lieber, of Portland. Lieber, who also co-authored the bill, said that passing the legislation will “be the start of real and transformative change for our justice system.” In 2020, nearly 60% of Oregon voters passed Measure 110, which decriminalized the possession of small amounts of illicit drugs. While drug sales and manufacturing remained illegal under the legislation, it lowered the penalty for possessing small amounts of drugs to a $100 fine, which could be avoided if an individual agreed to participate in a health assessment. Additionally, the measure aimed to fund health assessments, addiction treatment, harm-reduction efforts and more services for Oregonians with addiction disorders. One of the main goals was to treat drug use as a health issue, and advocates also expected the legislation to generate savings in the criminal justice system due to fewer drug arrests, prosecutions and incarcerations.  However, there’s no predicting how a first-of-its-kind law may pan out in practice or what other variables could come into play. Despite the intent behind amping up harm reduction resources in Oregon, funding was slow to take effect. In 2021, only 1% of those who received possession citations actually sought health via Oregon’s new hotline. As time went on, many supporters and opponents argued that the measure’s incentives for individuals to enter treatment weren’t strong enough or well enforced. Additionally, Oregon saw a 1,500% rise in overdose deaths since the start of the pandemic — the steepest increase in the nation — largely due to the broader fentanyl crisis, according to records from the Centers for Disease Control.  While researchers have argued that it’s too soon to determine whether or not Measure 110’s passing was correlated to the surge in overdoses, the ongoing shortage in affordable housing and uptick in fentanyl use has led to an increase in more visible drug use in public. HB 4002 makes the possession of small amounts of illegal drugs a misdemeanor, punishable by up to six months in jail and enabling police to confiscate drugs and crack down on their public use. Drug treatment could be offered as an alternative to criminal penalties as part of a deflection program. The bill would also make it easier to prosecute people selling drugs, though it aims to maintain some harm reduction measures like increasing access to addiction medication and helping folks to obtain and keep housing despite use of these medications. However, the bill leaves it up to each individual county to decide the details of these deflection programs. Counties would also have the option, not a mandate, to set up state-funded deflection programs. It also includes a provision to allow the district attorney to argue before a judge that a person is not a candidate for diversion. So far, 23 of Oregon’s 35 counties have signaled their intent to set up these programs. Critics have argued that the reversal isn’t going to curb drug use, rather that it will make it harder for people to quit. Some have also questioned whether the state’s limited criminal justice system was equipped to handle the changes. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Oregon said that the state was rushing the bill and hasn’t undergone the necessary vetting by medical and addiction professionals who could adequately assess the potential drawbacks of such a massive public policy shift. Opponents have also suggested that the changes will disproportionately affect Black and Latino people. Additionally, a study by the Oregon Criminal Justice Commission similarly concluded that the changes would disproportionately impact Black Oregonians specifically, though it noted disparities would be significantly less than before Measure 110 was passed. “I’m concerned that it (the bill) will attempt to use the same tactics of the past, and fail, only to reinforce the punishment narrative that has failed for 50 years,” echoed Democratic Sen. Lew Frederick of Portland, one of four Black senators. While Measure 110’s final fate is uncertain, Kotek said in January that she would be open to signing a bill reversing the state’s previous decriminalization measure.

https://hightimes.com/

Female Orgasmic Disorder Could Become a Qualifying Condition for Medical Cannabis in Four States

Four states—Ohio, Illinois, New Mexico, and Connecticut—are now looking into adding female orgasmic disorder (FOD) to the list of qualifying conditions for medical cannabis. There’s mounting research that suggests that cannabis can help women have more orgasms. For those with FOD, defined by the Merck Manuel as a “lack of or delay in sexual climax (orgasm) or orgasm that is infrequent or much less intense even though sexual stimulation is sufficient and the woman is sexually aroused mentally and emotionally,” medical marijuana could not only make having an orgasm easier, but more satisfying.  Diagnosis criteria and scientific research aside, stoners have been boasting about the sexual properties of cannabis, probably since the herb was first smoked. Now, we know that cannabis, as a vasodilator, can increase blood flow to the genitals. Because it can also aid in anxiety, using some weed before sex can help people relax into the moment, which can be especially beneficial to those whose sexual dysfunction stems from trauma. After all, we know that cannabis has a well-documented ability to treat PTSD. It even enhances the senses, often making touching and even checking out your partner more fun. And as cannabis can also aid in creativity, it can help you consider and explore more variations in your sex life.  “Women with FOD have more mental health issues, are on more pharmaceutical medication,” Suzanne Mulvehill, clinical sexologist, and founder and executive director of the nonprofit Female Orgasm Research Institute told Marijuana Moment. “They have more anxiety, depression, PTSD, more sexual abuse histories. It’s not just about pleasure, it’s about a human right,” adding that: “It’s a medical condition that deserves medical treatment.” Ohio is currently evaluating a proposed amendment to add the condition. Earlier this month, the State Medical Board declared that both FOD and autism spectrum disorder are advancing to the stages of expert assessment and public feedback, following online petition submissions. Public comments will be accepted until Thursday. In Illinois, regulatory officials are scheduled for a meeting next month to discuss the inclusion of FOD as an eligible condition. New Mexico plans to address the matter in May, as per the nonprofit Female Orgasm Research Institute. The organization also noted that Connecticut is exploring the possibility of adding FOD to its list of qualifying conditions, although a specific date for a meeting has not yet been determined. Suzanne Mulvehill plays a leading role in the initiatives advancing the therapeutic advantages of cannabis for individuals with FOD. She says that this condition impacts as many as 41% of women globally. She filed a petition last year aiming to include this disorder among Ohio’s list of conditions eligible for medical marijuana. Present studies suggest that approximately one-third of women who consume cannabis utilize it to enhance sexual experiences—a statistic Mulvehill notes has remained relatively consistent over the years. She’s aware of the understanding surrounding cannabis’s ability to enhance sex. “It’s not new information,” Mulvehill said in her interview with Marijuana Moment.  The novelty lies in the readiness of government bodies to address the matter. According to Mulvehill, Ohio appears to be the first state to evaluate FOD as a condition warranting medical marijuana. Moreover, she noted that Ohio’s meeting earlier in the month marked the inaugural instance, to her knowledge, of a public government entity discussing female orgasmic disorders. A 2020 article published in Sexual Medicine discovered that frequent cannabis use among women correlates with improved sexual experiences. Additionally, various online polls have highlighted a positive correlation between cannabis consumption and sexual satisfaction. There’s even research indicating that the enactment of marijuana legislation correlates with a rise in sexual activity. And research published last year in the Journal of Cannabis Research revealed that over 70% of adults surveyed reported an increase in sexual desire and enhanced orgasms when using cannabis before intercourse, and 62.5% noted improved pleasure during masturbation with cannabis use. Given previous data showing that women who have sex with men often experience orgasms less frequently than their male counterparts, the researchers suggested that cannabis might help bridge this orgasm equality gap. For some people, having an orgasm is a challenge in a way that counts as a disorder that deserves treatment, and access to medical marijuana is paramount. For others, this new legal push is just a reminder that weed can make sex better and a reminder that you don’t need a diagnosis to have hot, stoned sex.

https://hightimes.com/

Brazen Drug Ads Wreak Havoc Thanks to Meta’s Facebook Ad Algorithms

It’s open season for flagrant ads to sell illegal drugs like psilocybin, LSD, and other drugs, as Meta works to improve its algorithms to filter illegal content. Because content is being filtered by algorithms, not human beings, sometimes the wrong content—i.e. educational cannabis material—gets taken down while brazen ads to sell drugs remain up. Some journalists are fed up with the double standard. A Canadian reporter said he was able to get an ad for LSD approved on Facebook, leading a Meta employee to finally remove the ad after the reporter reached out for comment. The National Post reports that Facebook’s automated moderation system approved an ad selling LSD, saying the ad doesn’t violate Meta’s advertising standards. The ad was eventually removed after the reporter contacted Facebook for comment. Christopher McGrath, a senior manager at Deloitte Canada, said he began seeing ads for drugs on Facebook that he believes were triggered by algorithms while he was researching a recent report  on Canada’s black market cannabis trade. Deloitte Canada’s report, “Clearing the Smoke: Insights to Canada’s Illicit Cannabis Market,” was supposed to provide data on illegal cannabis sales, but McGrath’s research for it only triggered an onslaught of various cannabis ads on Facebook. So on one hand, Meta wants to filter that content, but on the other, also market ads to users looking for items like cannabis. University of Toronto media economics professor Brett Caraway, is due to the reliance social media platforms place in machine learning and automated algorithms to police their content. “When these platforms started, they had departments full of people—actual humans—to sift through the most toxic and horrible parts of the internet,” he said. “With the amount of content that goes up every minute, there’s just no way humans can put eyes on everything, so they rely increasingly on algorithms and AI for the first round of filtration.” Facebook responded to The National Post’s inquiries with the following, explaining that when those ads are found they are taken down: “We prohibit content—both in ads and in organic content—that promotes the buying and selling of pharmaceutical and non-medical drugs, and remove it whenever we find it,” the statement reads. “We’ll continue to improve in this area in our ongoing efforts to keep our platforms safe.” Experts wonder if the decline in online advertising is playing a role and if Meta can’t spend enough on moderation.  “We’ve seen a lot of major players cut back in the money they’re spending,” Caraway said. “But Facebook needs that [money]—so if Chrysler or BMW leave, then they have no choice but to take on Jimmy-Bob’s Cannabis Store. Their business model is literally 98-per-cent advertising funded, so they don’t have any wiggle room.” Facebook and Instagram are known for targeting cannabis-related accounts in various waves, taking steps to cut back on illegal drug content. In October of 2018, Facebook placed a pause on cannabis searches. The site justified the ban saying users were selling marijuana products through the social network. Soon, the ban would be lifted The platforms Facebook and Instagram will close an advertising loophole, joining other tech companies amid the “great vape scare” that took place in 2019. In 2019, an Instagram spokesperson said that Facebook and Instagram will start removing posts that promote vaping, tobacco, or weapons. Companies that make totally harmless products—such as organic soap and care products manufacturer Dr. Bronner’s—reported posts and ads getting taken down. Dr. Bronner’s experienced similar issues with its boosted posts back in June 2017.  The company received this response from Facebook after some of its ads were inexplicitly taken down: “This ad isn’t running because it doesn’t follow our Advertising Policies. We don’t allow ads that promote prescription or recreational drugs. Ads like these are sensitive in nature and are usually contrary to local laws, rules or regulations. Please keep in mind that advocacy or awareness ads are allowed…” Eight Tulsa, Oklahoma-based medical cannabis businesses said that the platform was subjectively censoring their Facebook pages. A group of cannabis businesses said they have been negatively affected by social media bans, and they are no longer taking the alleged discrimination lying down. Led by the Ye Olde Apothecary Shoppe, eight dispensaries have announced that they are suing Facebook executives over what they call “a pattern of targeting the Oklahoma medical marijuana industry.” Efforts are being made to control drug ads on social media, particularly in Canada. In Canada, a new online harms bill includes content guidelines for social media platforms and enforcement frameworks meant to hold the tech companies accountable. In newer legislation,  Meta itself would be penalized if it let illegal drug ads stay up.

https://hightimes.com/

Adult-use Cannabis Legalization in Canada Has Led to Beer Sales Decline

A study conducted in Canada and recently published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence shows that beer sales have declined since legalization began in 2018. The study involved researchers from the College Pharmacy at the University of Manitoba, School of Pharmacy at Memorial University of Newfoundland, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy at the University of Toronto. The study, which was published on Feb. 27, shows that beer sales in Canada have dropped significantly. “Canada-wide beer sales fell by 96 hectoliters per 100,000 population immediately after non-medical cannabis legalization and by 4 hectoliters per 100,000 population each month thereafter for an average monthly reduction of 136 hectoliters per 100,000 population post-legalization,” authors wrote. A hectoliter is a unit of measurement frequently used in reference to wine, beer, grain, or other agricultural goods, and is the total of 100 liters (1 liter is approximately 0.26 liquid gallons). However, researchers also explained that cannabis legalization did not cause any reduction in spirit sales (which covers whisky, rum, gin, tequila, liqueurs, and vodka). Additionally, researchers believe that cannabis use could potentially lead to higher alcohol use in some people, specifically “those with greater sensation-seeking behaviors.” However, they also wrote that some consumers are substituting cannabis in the place of alcohol.  Data on beer and spirits sales in Canada were taken from the Beer Canada and Spirits Canada resources. Beer Canada provided details about approximately 90% of total Canadian beer sales, while Spirits Canada showed sales in relation to whisky, rum, gin, tequila, liqueurs, and vodka but did not include ready-to-drink cocktails. Beer sales were reviewed between January 2012-February 2020, and spirits sales were examined between January 2016-February 2020. The study reviewed results in all Canadian provinces. In Manitoba and Ontario, researchers saw the most significant decline in beer sales, while cannabis did not affect beer sales in Quebec, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia. Provinces referred to as Western provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan) “saw the largest reductions in average monthly beer sales which ranged between 228 and 505 hectoliters per 100,000 population over the post-legalization study period.” In Atlantic provinces (New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island), there was “no significant immediate or lagged impact of cannabis legalization on beer sales.” Researchers called this study the “first quasi-experimental evidence” on the shift in beer and spirits sales in Canada after the launch of adult-use cannabis, with three key points. “First, Canada-wide beer sales dropped after the legalization, but there was no change in spirits sales,” researchers wrote. “Second, the reductions in beer sales were seen in all except the Atlantic provinces with the four Western provinces experiencing relatively larger declines than the Central provinces. Third, the legalization was associated with a decline in canned and kegged beer sales, but we found no reduction in sales of bottled beer.” Furthermore, the study asserts that consumers aren’t using alcohol and cannabis together. “While increased use of cannabis is not necessarily harmless and further research is needed to understand the health effects of the switch from alcohol to cannabis, the reduction in beer sales associated with the non-medical cannabis legalization suggests that individuals are likely not using alcohol and cannabis concurrently,” authors stated. In the study conclusion, researchers summed up their most important findings. “We found that non-medical cannabis legalization was associated with an immediate decline in beer sales,” they stated. “Furthermore, beer sales continued to decline in the post-legalization period, suggesting that individuals are moving away from beer towards legal cannabis. These declines in beer sales were most pronounced in the four Western provinces. Meanwhile, we found no change in spirits sales following the legalization.” Many people have found that substituting alcohol for cannabis is beneficial across the board.  Celebrities such as Hulk Hogan shared in August 2023 that he swapped both opioids and alcohol for CBD. “At first, I was confused because I’d never used CBD,” Hogan said. “I didn’t understand the health aspects of what it can do for you as far as energy, sleep or getting off hard drugs or pharmaceuticals slowly and winding down are concerned. It took me a while to figure it out because I am a little slow. I had to do a lot of research and do my due diligence. I figured this was something that really would benefit a lot of people that needed help—and I know it will.” Many other studies, such as one published in the journal Alcohol in November 2023, shows that abstaining from alcohol consumption can undo the effects of cortical thinning in the human brain. Other studies have explored how cannabis states have helped reduce consumption of both tobacco as well as alcohol. Some states view cannabis as different than alcohol, so much that last December in Connecticut, alcohol sales were not legally allowed to be sold on Christmas and New Year’s Day, but cannabis was.

https://hightimes.com/

Drapalin Pharmaceutical, German Rapper Antifuchs Team Up To Merge Cannabis Medicine with Music

In the heart of Europe, German rapper Antifuchs is blending beats with beliefs to champion the cause of cannabis wellness. Inspired by her personal journey and the transformative power of cannabis, Antifuchs has crafted an anthem for the movement: a song about her favorite cannabis brand, Munich-based Drapalin Pharmaceuticals, a beacon of innovation in Germany’s medical cannabis landscape. Together, they recently visited Lagom Pharmatech s.r.o in the Czech Republic, a supplier to Drapalin Pharmaceuticals, to film a music video to go with the rapper’s newest hit, “Drapalin”. Amidst a sea of green, they filmed a music video that’s as much a visual feast as it is a manifesto – a call to arms for the cannabis-curious and the healthcare revolutionaries alike. The song is a powerful fusion of Antifuchs’s gritty, honest lyrics and Drapalin’s groundbreaking work in medical cannabis. This artistic collaboration aims to shatter stigmas and open minds, creating a musical track that deliberately attempts to dismantle long standing stigmas and challenge societal perceptions. Together, Antifuchs and Drapalin are scripting the soundtrack of a revolution in medical science and social attitude, advocating for a world where cannabis’s potential is fully realized and integrated into the fabric of modern medicine. The release of this music video is particularly significant, coming just after Germany’s landmark decision to legalize recreational cannabis, effective April 1, 2024. Adults in Germany will soon enjoy the freedom to use cannabis recreationally, marking a major shift in national policy. Amidst these changes, Drapalin, already a leader in the medical cannabis industry, continues to pioneer advancements in cannabis use for health purposes. With a strong commitment to uncovering and promoting the therapeutic benefits of cannabis, Drapalin has emerged as a key player not only in the German market, but also on a global scale. Their dedication to quality, innovation, and the well-being of patients has garnered widespread recognition, cementing their position at the forefront of a movement towards integrating cannabis into a comprehensive health and wellness framework. Together, Antifuchs and Drapalin are using art to share a story that challenges outdated notions about cannabis. Through the universal language of music, they’re engaging audiences, encouraging a dialogue that transcends cultural and generational divides, and painting a future where cannabis is recognized not just for its therapeutic potential but as a catalyst for change in healthcare. Choosing the Czech Republic as the stage for their music video, Antifuchs and Drapalin tap into a rich vein of cannabis culture and legislative progress. The country, known for its pioneering stance on cannabis in Europe, becomes more than just an aesthetically pleasing setting. Instead, it’s a statement of intent, a declaration that their collaboration is not just about music or medicine, but about moving the needle on cannabis acceptance and innovation. This setting underscores the duo’s dedication to not just participating in the cannabis dialogue but leading it, leveraging the Czech Republic’s progressive environment as a symbol of what’s possible when societies embrace change and foster innovation in healthcare. Set against the backdrop of Lagom’s indoor cannabis facility, the “Drapalin” music video promises to be a visually stunning and emotionally resonant portrayal of the healing power of cannabis. The video, rich in color and emotion, is much more than just a collection of visually impactful imagery. Through its blend of artful cinematography and poignant narrative, it seeks not just to entertain but to enlighten, offering a glimpse into the profound impact of cannabis on individuals and communities. This visual odyssey is designed to resonate on a deeply personal level, challenging perceptions, inspiring curiosity, and empowering viewers with a renewed sense of advocacy and hope for the future of cannabis as a cornerstone of healing and wellness. Drapalin and Antifuchs have created the anthem of a new era of cannabis in Germany. As Germany’s cannabis laws evolve and the plant’s therapeutic potentials are increasingly recognized, this partnership amplifies a collective call for change. It’s a resounding echo through the halls of pop culture and policy-making, signifying not just acceptance but celebration. Every note and nuance crafted by Drapalin and Antifuchs resonates with the promise of a future where cannabis and culture coalesce, guiding Germany and beyond toward a more open, understanding, and inclusive society.

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