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https://hightimes.com/

The Midwestern Princess

When Chappell Roan joins me on a Zoom call, she’s fresh out of the shower, giving formidable pop star vibes even without the pink fringe and rhinestones. As she chats about needing to paint on her eyebrows, I see that I was correct in my assumption that the artist I’ve been obsessed with ever since a gay friend turned me on to 2020’s “Pink Pony Club” is as authentic as I thought. “I just decorated my grinder, and I got pink rolling papers,” Roan shares.  She uses cannabis to relax, preferring sativas over indicas, and has a taste for edibles. Currently, she needs to take the edge of settling into stardom. “It helps me zen out,” Roan, born Kayleigh Rose Amstutz, says. “I play [The Legend of] Zelda like every fucking day.” At the time of our interview, her first full-length album, The Rise and Fall of a Midwest Princess, was just over two weeks away from its release date of Sept. 22, 2023. To gays and strippers of big cities and her home state of Missouri, Roan became a favorite thanks to “Pink Pony Club.” You must see the music video. Like, stop what you’re doing and open Roan’s YouTube channel right now. As queers and strippers already know, it’s a track that makes you happy to be alive while the world falls apart. The song narrates a small-town girl’s journey to West Hollywood to pursue a career as a stripper, inspired by Roan’s visit to The Abbey, an iconic gay club in West Hollywood. She once said she wasn’t confident enough to follow the protagonist’s escape plan in real life (fans may disagree; Roan resonates boldness), so she wrote a song about it. “Won’t make my mama proud, it’s gonna cause a scene, she sees her baby girl, I know she’s gonna scream…” builds Roan’s voice, hooking you from the intro and swelling into perhaps one of the most addictive pop tracks released in recent years. While Roan is from Illinois, the song’s protagonist is leaving Tennessee, and the music video heavily features drag queens, currently under attack by conservative lawmakers in The Volunteer State. Roan has a knack for writing music that turns the spotlight on queer politics without an ounce of the cringe that so many pop stars exude when writing songs about LGBTQIA+ issues, perhaps because she means it. Vulture described it as “the song of summer 2021,” and three years after its release, “Pink Pony Club” has over a million views on YouTube. However, despite its critical success and cult status, “Pink Pony Club” didn’t prove financially viable for Atlantic Records, leading to Roan’s departure from the label in 2020. Roan moved back home to take jobs as a nanny and at a doughnut shop and a drive-thru. As a queer woman with a musical taste hungry for a track like “Pink Pony Club,” the disparity between her fame in certain circles while simultaneously getting dropped from her label was hard to wrap my head around, and a reminder that gay culture isn’t as mainstream as the conservatives out to ban drag queens want you to believe. I asked Roan about the incongruity. I can tell before she opens her mouth that she’s appreciative of the experience. This isn’t a woman ashamed to work a shift. “You can have both,” Roan responds. “I worked at a drive-thru, and I happened to write a gay anthem that a lot of people connected to.” Specifically, she worked at Scooter’s Coffee, which has a drive-thru kiosk that can whip your favorite candy bar into your coffee (in under a minute). Their menu consists of items sure to appeal to anyone reading with a case of the munchies. “I don’t think there’s any shame that I felt whenever I had these jobs because it gave me a sense of camaraderie that I do not feel in the music industry. You clock in for a shift, you have all these inside jokes with your coworkers,” she reminisces. “I loved that. No one has any money. And then there was not a lot of pressure for me to use all this time to promote myself and make TikToks and shit because it was like, ‘Bitch I have a shift.’” “Pink Pony Club” go-go dances further into the spotlight as one of the 14 tracks on The Rise and Fall of a Midwest Princess—Roan’s inaugural full-length album and her return to a major label, Island Records. The creation of the album involved the talents of Dan Nigro, previously best known as the lead singer and guitarist of the indie rock band As Tall as Lions, who also worked with Roan on “Pink Pony Club.” Now, thanks to his creative collaboration with Olivia Rodrigo (whom Chappell Roan is opening for on her U.S. GUTS tour), he has recently become a notable producer. This vibrant and audacious pop project is a tapestry of stories about finding love and self-discovery that’s relatable, witty, and downright hilarious, regardless of your orientation. Roan can sing like a powerhouse. I can’t recall a pop star who’s managed to blend technical skill, witty songwriting, and an envelope-pushing aesthetic since Lady Gaga hit the scene in 2008 with The Fame. The gay community is already bragging that they were into Chappell Roan before anyone else. “The gays pick their icons,” Roan notes. “I mean, look what they did with the fucking Babadook. They want whatever is funny.” Roan is very, very funny. Of course, part of what makes her so funny is that she’s relatable. On “Red Wine Supernova,” Roan boasts to a potential new lover: “I heard you like magic; I got a wand and a rabbit,” in addition to proclaiming: “I don’t care that you’re a stoner.” I have to know. In addition to keeping your Hitachi charged, what are her tips for dating a stoner? She flips the question and answers for herself. “You know what’s so crazy is that I’ve never dated a stoner. I haven’t dated many people. I hadn’t even kissed a girl at the time I wrote that song. I’ll say how to date me; I want someone I can giggle with,” Roan says, adding that making bracelets and playing video games are also the way to her heart. There is a bright-eyed and bushy-tailed vibe to the aptly named Midwestern Princess album. Now that she has dived headfirst into the queer world, I ask her how it will impact her music.  “I think that the ship of me being like, ‘What is this new thing, what are all my daydreams about being with a woman, it’s so magical the first time, etcetera,’ has sailed,” Roan says. “You only have the new experience one time. I captured that feeling in this album. But now, how I write is more confident, and being like, ‘Yeah. I am.’ Instead of ‘I want to be’ or ‘Am I?’” Some of her fantasies are rooted in cultural references that all walks of life and orientations have likely masturbated to. On “Naked In Manhattan,” she croons: “Oh, I’ve never done it, let’s make it cinematic, like that one sex scene that’s in Mulholland Drive; I wanna know, baby, what is it like?” But the angel princess (Roan even has a tramp stamp that reads “Princess”) shows off her devilish side on the album, which is delightfully dirty. In “Casual,” a most excellent sonic dissection of a situationship, she belts: “I’ve heard so many rumors that I’m just a girl that you bang on your couch,” later asking the same love interest: “Knee deep in the passenger seat and you’re eating me out, is it casual now?” While in “Pink Pony Club,” Roan is a brunette wearing minimal makeup, now she’s a brazen redhead with makeup worthy of an art exhibit. But she’s still a pink pony girl. There’s one community she credits her style to: drag queens. “Drag—100%. Drag inspires me,” Roan says. “Burlesque inspires me. I love camp. I want to look loud and fun. And a lot of it in the past has been just DIY.” Noting how scrappy burlesque dancers and drag queens are (they can whip up a look made for TV in a bathroom stall with one sink and five other girls), Roan describes utilizing those crafting skills to create stage costumes. However, it didn’t stick. “I did that all last tour. Then I was like, ‘Oh shit, I can’t do this again,’ because parts of my outfit were flying into the audience. It was just not sustainable because we’re playing like 40 shows this year. Now I can finally afford a stylist.” True to her Midwestern princess style, these outfits contain pink cowgirl hats, fringe, pearls, rhinestones, and metallic looks fit for space. She’s currently on her own tour, The Midwest Princess Tour, which began last year and will run between February and April this year. “I love touring. I love the grind of it all; most people hate it, and I get why, but I have a great time. I love it,” Roan says. While album release parties typically happen in New York or Los Angeles, she had hers at home in Springfield, Illinois. “The queer community is really struggling where I’m from to feel safe and accepted,” she says. “I was talking to a trans girl, and she was telling me how she’s just having trouble even getting hired because of transphobia.” Roan is determined to give her community a break from the world’s harsh realities, if only for a brief respite. “The best I can do is offer a safe space in their city for a couple of hours. And hire local drag queens, pay them, get them tipped by their local queer community,” she says. A percentage of each ticket also goes to For The Gworls!, which curates parties to fundraise money to help Black transgender people pay for their rent, gender-affirming surgeries, additional medical costs, and travel assistance. But FYI—anyone can come to shows to join the party. I ask Roan about her straight dude fans, which, yes, definitely exist. Any special message for the cishet guys before joining in on the queer-themed, costumed aerobic parties that are her concerts? “You’ll be fine as long as you’re not homophobic and weird,” she says. “I want you there. I want cishet men at my shows. I want them there if they are down to party like in the way that we are. But no special message.” However, get ready to dance. On “Super Graphic Ultra Modern Girl,” she shares sage advice: “You know what they say, never waste a Friday night on a first date. But there I was, in my heels with my hair straight, and so, I take him to this bar. This man wouldn’t dance… He doesn’t have what it takes to be with a girl like me.” While she sounds like fabulous company to get stoned, make crafts, and play Zelda with, ultimately, she says being on stage is her favorite high. “It feels the same to play a show. Amazing, and euphoric and bubbly,” Roan says. But don’t get it twisted. Despite all the attention, Roan isn’t about to forget why it’s called The Midwest Princess Tour. “I’m grateful for that time,” she says, of returning home after her first stint in Los Angeles. “It made me so happy that I understand what it’s like to clean a public restroom.” This article was originally published in the January 2024 issue of High Times Magazine.

https://hightimes.com/

Commemorating the Heritage of Humboldt

Picture-perfect and beautifully manicured, Huckleberry Hill Farms looks like a demonstration garden at a state fair with one major exception: Huckleberry stands as a quintessential plant exhibit for cannabis, one of Northern California’s most famed and feared agricultural crops. When I arrive at the farm about a month away from harvest in the late summer, the statuesque lavender-hued buds of Huckleberry’s signature Whitethorn Rose catch my eye slightly after the attention-grabbing bright pink and purple petunias that sit at the base of the plant’s 100-gallon planter boxes. Looking towards the beauty of the cannabis garden in flower it’s hard to imagine the day when 30 federal agents came up the driveway where I’m now standing with Johnny Casali in front of his family home. Humboldt County is the land of outlaw cannabis legend. Located in the world-famous cannabis cultivation area called the Emerald Triangle, it’s where weed farmers were targeted by military-style Black Hawk helicopters, and today, it’s where those legacy farmers who remain continue to fight for survival. Casali—who stands at 6’2” and is now 56—gets emotional every time he recounts the story of his arrest and jail time for the cannabis plants he was growing as a 24-year-old. The moments when I see his eyes swell with tears are when he talks about his mother, Merlene Farrell, who passed away during his eight years in prison. Huckleberry has a rare Humboldt County cannabis tourism license and hosts many visitors annually. Why put himself through the emotions of recounting his personal story so often? Casali says it’s because what the small cannabis farmers in Humboldt County have done “has to make a difference.” “It has to mean something, and if it doesn’t… I’ll probably die trying to educate people, but currently, what’s at stake for the small farmer? People ask me that all the time. Everything’s at stake now,” Casali says. “This is not the story of Huckleberry Hill; it’s the story of how we built this community that we wanted to build… And now that we’re faced with something that we never thought was ever going to happen with regulation and legalization, it’s not how we envisioned it, and it’s really trying our beliefs on community, and oneness, and being there for each other.” Casali’s mother taught him to grow cannabis with Paradise Punch, a cultivar she created with her best friend in 1978. It’s the same strain he uses with all his cannabis crosses today, including Whitethorn Rose (Paradise Punch crossed with Lemon OG). Whitethorn Rose has won plenty of awards, particularly as a concentrate, and is the cultivar growing on most of the small farm for the 2023 harvest. The buds on Whitehorn Rose and its sister strain, Mom’s Weed, are stunning and burst with the aroma of blackberries and lemon blossoms. On each planter box at the farm is the name of a person, someone Casali and his partner, Rose Moberly, want to remember. As a part of my tour, Moberly leads the three of us—along with their Great Pyrenees and Anatolian shepherd mix Luca—through a short gong sound bath at the top of the property in an area dedicated to her mother who passed away, Marjorie “Margie” Zietz-Dhoore. Moberly often leads sound ceremonies for students within the Ganjier program, a cannabis sommelier certification program based in Humboldt County that brings students to tour the homestead grow. “[Sound healing] is the oldest form of medicine in the world,” Moberly explains. “The way that it works is it tricks your brain into relaxing so that your cells can repair. Bodies have their own frequency, which we are attuned to, and disease is like dis-ease.” Everywhere on the property there’s writing evoking the memory of others, including many who the medical benefits of cannabis have positively impacted. Around the rainwater catchment pond, there’s also an area that features quotes from other farmers who live nearby. All this makes it so the story told at Huckleberry Hill is the story of a community. “What happened to me could have happened to any single other one of my friends,” Casali says. Now at 5,000 square feet of outdoor cultivation plus a nursery license, Huckleberry Hill started as a single-family home between the two small communities of Briceland and Whitethorn. It’s a short distance from Shelter Cove, where the King Range of mountains meets the ocean on the Lost Coast, a long stretch of wild and undeveloped California coastline. “I fished salmon with my mom because they hatched out of Shelter Cove, went on a couple of albacore trips that were, you know, we’re out for three weeks at a time,” Casali says. “Growing up and being part of the back-to-the-land movement really took a family unit to do all the little things in order to survive. So we cut firewood as a family. And we sold it to a local merchant in town. We ran a small nursery. We were part-time loggers. We were commercial fishermen. So it was all those things. And as some of those things went away from being over-regulated, like fishing and logging, we just added more and more cannabis to really supplement that loss of that income. And sooner or later, it just became where it was all cannabis.” Casali’s gone from doing time for growing weed, to cultivating cannabis in the medical market and now the adult-use market. Today, he joins with the farmers who remain in the area after the implementation of Proposition 64 resulted in a high tax system for both farmers and consumers coupled with dramatic price drops in the cost of cannabis. As farms in the area continue to struggle with the changes brought on by cannabis legalization, they are also fighting a March 2024 ballot initiative, Measure A, that threatens to put a chokehold on the industry by limiting its ability to adapt. During my visit to the Emerald Triangle, Casali joined other farmers who met in a shuttered restaurant along the main street in Garberville to discuss fighting the initiative. “I really don’t have all the answers; I don’t know the right thing to do except try to make it to next year,” Casali says. “I think we’re all in that same boat as small farmers. That’s one thing we have in common, and what hasn’t changed is that we’re all here supporting each other and uplifting each other. And for most of us, this hasn’t been about money. We’ve been able to get through all of this and keep our values intact. Making sure that we’re taking care of the environment, making sure that we’re touching every plant and really letting the plant express itself in the best possible form.” The flowers at Huckleberry Farms are cultivated with regenerative practices, and Casali believes in the power of sungrown cannabis. Along with Tina Gordon—the cultivator at a neighboring cannabis farm on an arid mountainside at a much higher elevation, Moon Made Farms—he participated in a study conducted by researchers at Columbia University that compared the terpene profiles of cannabis grown in natural and artificial cultivation environments. The study, published in the scientific journal Molecules in January 2023, showed that outdoor cannabis grown in living soil (soil filled with microbes that break down organic matter) contains “significantly more usual cannabinoids” and a greater amount of terpenes than the indoor samples. For Casali, the fight to save cannabis cultivation in Humboldt County is all about the power of cannabis as a medicine. “Imagine if one of our legacy strains were to go away with Huckleberry Hill Farms because we couldn’t make it through legalization and one of these cultivars, like Whitethorn Rose or one of the strains I grew with my mom, had the ability to cure cancer, autism, it would be lost forever. That opportunity would be lost forever,” he says. “We imagined [legalization] being a celebration of a community that built a multi-billion dollar industry. [California] hasn’t felt like a state with open arms to accept us and embrace us as the Napa Valley of weed. It’s felt like we have intimidated them, and they never wanted us pre-legalization, and now, even more so post-legalization.” Despite the odds stacked against the small farmers across the state, Casali continues sharing the message of healing he found through cultivating cannabis. “We’re creating a mountainside of farmers that grew up here. So when journalists come here, the media comes here, they can learn about other farms and know that they’re special and unique,” he says. “We’re all kind of like a big co-op. We’re all supporting each other. We’re all uplifting each other; it’s not like we’re competing at all against each other. If you don’t like Huckleberry Hill, try some Moon Made. If you don’t like Moon Made, try some Happy Day Farms. It’s just about really finding that connection with the consumer and getting them the medicine they need to heal them.” This article was originally published in the January 2024 issue of High Times Magazine.

https://hightimes.com/

17 Random Things Weed-Loving American Travelers Do Wrong Abroad

Hola, fellow travelers!  Ready for a lighthearted trek through the world of international cannabis customs? Strap in; my friends and I are about to take you on a high-flying tour, minus the lecturing – I hope.  We’ll be your trusty travel buddies, not a buzzkill. From our stash of stories, gathered while witnessing American weed aficionados zigzagging (and sometimes staggering) through foreign pot paradises, we’ve seen the good, the bad and the hilarious. We’re talking everything from Amsterdam’s chill coffeeshops to Barcelona’s hidden green havens, and even that time an American tried to explain to a Colombian farmer why California Kush is king. So, puff-puff-pass the stereotypes and let’s roll into a journey of cannabis culture, one chuckle at a time. Remember, it’s not just about the bud, but the budding experiences you can cultivate across the globe! Here are our two cents, gleaned from years of globe-trotting and observing American cannabis escapades. It’s friendly guidance, not preaching. So, let’s get to it, amigos. Join us as we navigate the do’s and mostly don’ts of global cannabis culture, with a touch of humor and a whole lot of “only in America” moments. First up, traveling with your own weed is a big no-no in my book. Americans love their homegrown, sure, but smuggling it to Jamaica or Barcelona? Come on, folks. Jamaica is world-famous for its love of Ganja, and even there I’ve encountered fellow Americans who chose to bring their own weed because “local sun-grown bud just isn’t good enough.” Embrace local varieties. It’s not just a change of scenery; it’s a new experience for your palate and senses What’s more, “there is still a lot of confusion when it comes to products made from hemp, even oils, or substitutes like hemp-derived cannabinoids, and products with THC. Local FDA equivalents don’t really know the difference,” says Muy Paola, a famed content creator from Chile. “There is little clarity regarding the legal framework and perceptions molded by morality, rather than science… Topicals, oils, etc., do not have recreational purposes, yet, traveling with them without the corresponding permits can still be a problem. Might sound like overkill, but that’s the reality of airport security in many countries I’ve been to.” One of the best things I’ve learned in America is: never do two illegal things at once. However, it’s easy to disregard one’s own advice: do as I say, not as I do.  The idea is simple: If you’ve got weed on you, hold that bladder. Public urination with a pocket full of pot is like wearing a neon sign that says “Arrest me, please.” Or, at the very least, “I am carrying some bribe money.” “If you’re gonna get seeds and bring them back home to experiment, respect the landrace and the locals. Maybe contribute to the local community. Even a small contribution can have a big impact in many countries… Your American Dollars, in cash, make a difference. Just don’t expect to get top-notch genetics for 50 bucks. Even if that’s what locals ask, offer a little extra. We’ve seen many huge seed banks buy seeds for dimes on the dollar and then sell them for millions in profit… That’s just not right. An exotic strain is priceless,” says Nicolás José Rodríguez, a guy with multiple graduate degrees focused on cannabis. And this is true, I’ve heard multiple horror stories about some of the most popular strains in America being acquired in Thailand or Ecuador for under $25.  In this sense, Mexican cannabis educator Polita Pepper, suggests we take this as a sort of “reparation.” She says, “It’s good to understand and value where your weed comes from. Buying weed abroad is not the same as buying it at your local, legal, regulated dispensary. This illicit market weed may not necessarily be as traceable as dispensary cannabis, but it does have a history, oftentimes traversed by inequity, racism and exploitation of the bodies and territories of native groups.” Stigmatizing Latin American countries like Colombia, Mexico and Peru as “narco-infested” lands is like believing that all Americans act like Donald Trump. Drug cartels aren’t the welcoming committee; instead, they often impose terror among local populations. But these vibrant countries offer more than just stereotypes; they offer rich cultures, histories, and yes, even safe cannabis experiences. Pepper ties this issue to the one above, bringing back up the point about exploitation. “We often forget that the weed we smoke came from somewhere and it often traveled a long road to get to your hands.”  She suggests we ask ourselves: “Whose were the hands that cultivated this weed and how was all of this traversed by the illegality of the plant in our countries? The legacy market and growers carry a historical weight and deserve reparations in many cases. And reparations can take many forms: sometimes it’s appreciating the local weed, not being a snob, paying a fair price, and realizing that America was enormously influential in the illegalization of this beautiful plant and the horrors it brought upon many of our nations.” Here’s a pro tip – look up, not around. Stoners love a good view. If there’s a hill or a secluded spot like a Medieval wall, chances are, you’ll find your kin. It’s like a natural GPS for good vibes. Giuliana Roldán, Global Expansion Manager at Puffco, adds another great recommendation. “For all global travelers out there, here’s a secret tip – check out online forums! Connect with the local community, dive into unique flavors, and ensure a safe experience. These forums are gold mines for info and contacts, linking you with passionate people living the cannabis lifestyle. Let’s also start sharing the legal lowdown for each country – many places are 420-friendly. Remember, we’re all cannabis users, and we’re all kinda medical users, too. Spread the knowledge, share the love.”  Just because someone’s puffing away doesn’t mean they’re open for business. Respect the puff, don’t interrupt the stuff. It’s about camaraderie, not commerce. Smoking on the streets? Nope. Understanding local laws and police practices is crucial unless you fancy a night in a cell, struggling with your high school Spanish. “Donde está la biblioteca?” won’t help much there. Well, that is, unless you know for a fact that the library is the right spot to light up.  Zara Snapp, from Instituto RIA in Mexico, recommends understanding the privilege you carry as a tourist and not overstepping.  As she notes, “This means studying the laws before traveling, connecting with activists, local groups or 4.20 friendly places instead of assuming that you will not be prosecuted because you are a tourist. Give back whenever possible and recognize that activists and cultivators have spent years putting their lives on the line to make possible cannabis-friendly spaces.”   Roldán adds, “Sharing intel within our community is key! Avoid legal hiccups by finding safe spots. Recently, in Medellín, I educated the police during a street stop. Turns out, there are designated chill zones in cities like Medellín, Barcelona, Amsterdam, Berlin, South Africa, Brazil, Argentina. Let’s all dig into these options for a hassle-free, enjoyable high on our travels. Stay informed, stay safe!” Not all views align with yours on cannabis. When abroad, it’s crucial to honor local customs and attitudes. When in Rome, do as the Romans do, or in this case, smoke as the locals smoke – if they smoke at all. Marina Sabbatella, an extremely skilled grower from Argentina adds, “Music is a universal language of cannabis. Discovering local musicians that are cannabis friendly will give you a better understanding of the culture and possible events that are cannabis friendly as well.” Gabriel Murga, a cannabis-focused journalist from Brazil, concurs: “Understand cultural and musical etiquette, in addition to social etiquette. Musical culture in Latin America carries strong references to the consumption and culture of the plant, musical spaces where samba and rap are heard in Brazil, cumbia in Argentina, candombe in Uruguay and Rock, in Peru, can be cultural facilitators to achieve a plant of quality in Latin America. But it is extremely important to respect and take into account racial, social, and class markers, I understand the weight of illegality and social confrontations that these groups face. Talking about other topics can and should be a good entry point, as plant lovers tend to be interested in cultural exchange. It is very important to indulge in the experience of local tastes, flavors, and strengths. Your usual plant will still be at home, but the memory of that organic flower grown in dry Lima remains forever in your memory.” Trying to score weed from every dreadlocked or bohemian soul is like asking every guy in a flannel shirt for craft beer advice. Not all who wander are lost, and not all who look chill are your next dealer. Scoring weed from minors? Just don’t. It’s not cool, it’s not legal, and it’s certainly not responsible. Remember, you’re a traveler, not a troublemaker. Just as an eagle soars confidently in the sky, some Americans carry their cannabis knowledge with an air of supreme confidence. But here’s the catch: cannabis culture isn’t a one-size-fits-all, especially not the American size.  Each country has its own unique weed wisdom, steeped in history and tradition. Imagine confidently walking into a coffee shop in Amsterdam and demanding the “strongest stuff” in loud, confident English, only to find that the Dutch approach is more about enjoying the experience than just the potency. It’s like trying to order a Big Mac in a gourmet French restaurant – you might get a polite smile, but you’re definitely missing the local flavor. Remember, when it comes to cannabis abroad, it’s not just about what you know; it’s about being open to learning how little you actually know. Don’t turn your nose up at local strains. Supporting local growers is like savoring a region’s cuisine. It is also a way to learn more about the culture and history of the plant in other countries. “Acapulco Gold and other endemic strains from Mexico have been sold in international markets without recognition that cannabis continues to be illegal in México, so as tourists, try to support local growers, activists and organizations to help change laws,” says cannabis lover, Zara Snapp. It’s part of the experience. Your “sophisticated palate” might just discover its next favorite. If you can’t afford to pay a lot for local weed, consider Sabbatella’s advice: “Small gifts can go a long way. Having some stickers or filters you brought back from your country to share can be a nice start to show appreciation for local growers.” If someone’s openly offering weed on the streets, it’s likely not the jackpot but a trap. Whether it’s a legal issue or a quality concern, these deals are often too good to be true. Stick to trusted sources and remember, discretion is the better part of valor, especially with cannabis. In the world of international cannabis, the imperial system is as foreign as a snowstorm in the Sahara.  Asking for an ounce or an eighth in a gram-centric world? Might as well wear an American flag T-shirt. Learn the metric system; your credibility (and wallet) will thank you. Down this line, Sabbatella comments, “Potency can be different in different places. Especially with edibles, it’s very important to find out what you are about to consume.” Not everyone speaks English, but a little effort goes a long way. Learn the local lingo for weed; it might just get you better deals and quality. “Por favor” and “gracias” can be as important as knowing your “sativa” from your “indica.” In the age of oversharing, remember that not everyone is as open about their cannabis use. Respect the privacy of those you meet and smoke with. What happens in Amsterdam – or anywhere else – should stay off your social media, especially when it involves others.  As Zara Snapp says, “Coming out of the psychoactive closet is a very personal decision and not everyone has the possibility of doing so.” Respect their world as much as you do your weed. Finally, keep in mind medical cannabis clubs and dispensaries are meant to aid local patients in need. “Medical cannabis clubs and associations might work under a market logic, but they operate only to help patients. Be conscious about this,” concludes Rodriguez.  So, there you have it: a journey through the do’s, don’ts, and please-don’t-evers of globetrotting ganja aficionados. As we wrap up this worldly wanderlust of weed wisdom, remember, it’s not just about lighting up; it’s about opening your eyes to the kaleidoscope of cultures and customs that color our planet. The global cannabis scene isn’t just a playground; it’s a classroom, where every puff and pass is a lesson in history, sociology, and humility. Whether you’re gazing at the stars from a hilltop in Barcelona or whispering for “un poco de hierba” at a back alley in Mexico, carry with you a spirit of respect, curiosity and a hearty dose of self-awareness. After all, the best trips aren’t measured in miles traveled or grams consumed, but in the memories made and the perspectives gained. As you set off on your cannabis journeys, focus on exploring diverse cultures rather than just chasing new highs. It’s about broadening horizons, not just elevations. Who knows? The greatest discovery might just be a new way of seeing, not just seeing new things. Safe travels, and may your journey be as enlightening as it is entertaining!

https://hightimes.com/

D.C. Council Approves Penalties for Unlicensed Weed Gifting Shops

The Washington, D.C. District Council on Tuesday approved a measure that establishes new penalties for cannabis gifting shops. The bill, which could go into effect as soon as this week, is designed to regulate cannabis businesses that have refused attempts to bring them into the city’s medical marijuana program. Recreational marijuana was legalized in the nation’s capital with the passage of Initiative 71, a 2014 ballot measure that made it legal to possess, use, cultivate and give away small amounts of marijuana. Since then, city leaders have attempted to legalize and regulate adult-use cannabis dispensaries but their efforts have been thwarted by Congress, which has the authority to modify or overturn bills passed by the district council. The lack of regulation has led to dozens of so-called marijuana gifting shops opening in Washington, D.C. Under the gifting shop business model, customers buy inexpensive merchandise such as stickers at inflated prices and receive what is ostensibly a gift of cannabis in return. In 2022, the district council passed a measure to expand the city’s medical marijuana program by lifting the cap on the number of cannabis dispensaries allowed to open in the city. The expansion also allowed the city’s weed gifting shops to apply to become licensed medical marijuana businesses. The law was intended to give unlicensed businesses a path to legitimacy and thus rein in the city’s unregulated weed market. Under the law, weed gifting shops that do not apply for the program or are unable to meet its requirements are subject to civil enforcement measures. But more than a year after the 2022 law was passed, confusion over who has the authority and responsibility to issue sanctions under the legislation has meant the law has not been meaningfully enforced since it was passed. To address the proliferation of weed gifting shops, District Councilmember Charles Allen introduced emergency legislation that tasks the city’s Alcohol Beverage and Cannabis Administration (ABCA) with regulating cannabis businesses. Under the bill, the ABCA has the authority to issue warnings, fines and cease-and-desist letters to unlicensed weed shops.  The ABCA began accepting applications from unlicensed businesses to join the city’s medical marijuana program in November. According to Councilmember Kenyan McDuffie, whose duties as the chair of the council’s business and economic development committee include oversight of the ABCA, 37 unlicensed pot shops have submitted applications so far. The idea of issuing heavy fines to unlicensed cannabis businesses in Washington, D.C. can be controversial, even among the members of the district council. Some city leaders are worried that enforcement efforts will harm the mostly Black and Brown owners of local businesses who are filling the void left by Congress’ refusal to allow recreational marijuana shops. But with a way to enter the legal medical marijuana market now in effect, the council is more willing to tighten enforcement. “This gap in the law, if not fixed, will render the onramp meaningless, allow unlicensed establishments that do not apply to keep on operating, and significantly harm the good actors that have applied,” Allen said during Tuesday’s legislative council meeting, according to a report from online news site The DCist. The bill approved by the council on Tuesday also gives the ABCA the authority to issue fines to the owners of commercial properties that rent to unlicensed cannabis after being warned about the violation.  The measure also gives the city’s Advisory Neighborhood Commissions a role in the licensing process, including the ability to file protest notices with the ABCA about unlicensed shops in their jurisdictions applying for medical marijuana business licenses. The provision is similar to the regulation of the city’s bars, restaurants and liquor stores, which are also subject to such review by the advisory groups. Some Advisory Neighborhood Commissioners and liquor license holders have expressed frustration to city leaders that the “gifting shops do not undergo public scrutiny,” according to the report from The DCist report. The district council approved Allen’s emergency bill at its legislative meeting on Tuesday. The measure will become law and go into effect as soon as Democratic Mayor Muriel signs it.

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Czech Republic Published New Draft Regulations for Cannabis Program

The Czech Republic (also referred to as Czechia) government recently published its draft regulations for cannabis cultivation and consumption on Jan. 10, but it isn’t the version that was expected. According to Expats.cz, the Czech Pirate Party (a liberal party that joined the government in 2021 and has been a strong supporter of cannabis legalization) described the new cannabis bill as a “compromise version,” but that they will further negotiate to have other important issues included as well. “The proposed bill includes rules for legal cultivation, operation of cannabis clubs, licensed sales and exports, and taxation,” Expats.cz reported. “It also sets restrictions on production and sales, and proposes registration of users, small growers, and cannabis clubs (cafés or meetup spots where people can freely smoke marijuana).” National Coordinator for Drug Policy Jindřich Vobořil told the news outlet about the expectation for cultivation. “We have agreed on the self-cultivation of a limited number of plants. This will mean decriminalization for adults who grow a small amount of cannabis for their own use,” Vobořil said. Additionally, he stated that this version hasn’t been reviewed by the government, so it could possibly include a cannabis association that allows members to share their yields. Vobořil told Expats.cz that he is not ready to give up on a regulated industry in the Czech Republic. “At present, cannabis is decriminalized in Czechia, but using it recreationally is illegal,” Vobořil said. “Czechia has one of the more liberal stances on cannabis in Europe, with people in Czechia even allowed to grow up to five cannabis plants at home for personal use. The use of marijuana for medicinal purposes has been legal for 10 years in Czechia.” Aside from the Czech Pirates, other political parties such as the KDU-ČSL (translated to the Christian and Democratic Union) oppose cannabis overall, but still agree that cultivation regulation is necessary. “We have long opposed the idea of marijuana becoming part of retail and wholesale trade, but we don’t see the point in unnecessarily persecuting people who grow a few plants for their own use,” said KDU-ČSL First Deputy Chairman/Chamber of Duties Jan Bartošek. Some legislators such as Agriculture Minister Marek Výborný are concerned that increasing access to legal cannabis would eventually lead to increased spending on addiction and prevention programs by the government. Organizations such as Safe Cannabis Association, Czehemp, Legalizace.cz all showed support for the recent draft, especially removing penalties for possession, but expressed the “fundamental lack” of strict regulations and the plan to deal with illegal producers. A draft for cannabis regulation has been a work in progress since October 2022, and was initially submitted by the Pirate Party. “Through taxation, we will get billions of crowns a year and at the same time prevent unnecessary expenses on repression. In addition, if we succeed in launching a regulated market together with the German one, it will mean huge opportunities for our economy in the field of exports,” the Pirate Party wrote. In April 2023, the Czech Cabinet announced a national effort to fix its addiction crisis. It described a plan that would persist through 2025 including: establishing a legal and regulated a cannabis market, to change its current tax policy and bring in $CZK 15 billion per year, and to establish an agency to tackle prevention and treatment for those suffering from addiction to alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and gambling. Also in April, the government proposed regulations such as allowing people to consume five grams per day, cultivation, requiring that consumers register in a database, and establishing annual fees for cultivations and distributors. According to 2022 data from the Czech National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, more than 800,000 people in the Czech Republic use cannabis, and one-third of people have tried it in the past. In March 2023, the Editor in Chief of the Czech Republic cannabis magazine Legalizace, Robert Veverka, was found guilty of “inciting the abuse of addictive substances” and “spreading drug addiction through his magazine.” The magazine included content on how to cultivate and process cannabis flower among other things, and occasionally included seed packets. In an exclusive interview, Veverka discussed his reaction to the verdict. “I feel branded, damaged, and personally disgusted. Unfortunately, the verdict lends credence to the prosecution’s case, which reflects an ignorance of cannabis legislation and is based on a general repressive view that positive information about cannabis is unacceptable to the establishment,” Veverka told Cannabis Therapy. “Moreover, according to my three-year prosecution and the court’s verdict, publishing is even an illegal activity.” The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Europe, surrounded by Germany, Austria, Slovakia, and Poland. Germany in particular has been slowly working on its own draft regulations for cannabis, which could possibly be coming as soon as April 2024. Meanwhile, Austria has no plans for adult-use cannabis regulation, but medical cannabis is legal. The same goes for Poland, which doesn’t allow adult-use cannabis but does allow its use for medical cannabis. Both medical and adult-use is illegal in Slovakia, but it does allow limited cannabis cultivation for research purposes only. A European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction published in June 2023 stated that cannabis is the “most commonly consumed illicit drug in Europe.”

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Wiz Khalifa High at Parent-Teacher Conferences, ‘They Know What’s Up’

Rapper and father Wiz Khalifa, 36, revealed on the Call Her Daddy podcast on Jan. 10 episode that he rolls up to parent-teacher conferences stoned to the bone. Wiz continues to be an example for stoned parents, showing them the way through his close relationship with his son. For the adventurous, there are places you’d be surprised to have fun high, no Visine needed: high at church, high at the gym, high at the supermarket, and in Khalifa’s case—high at a parent-teacher conference. Page Six, a New York Post site, reports that the rapper explained that in 2024, smoking weed is not so much of a big deal anymore, and he doesn’t feel judged. Since smoking weed is an all-day, every day activity for the rapper, Cooper asked Wiz specifically if he is stoned during parent-teacher conferences. “Hell yeah, I’m pulling up stoned. They expect it,” Wiz told Call Her Daddy host Alex Cooper. “They know what’s up. It’s not like back in the day, where you’re considered a bad parent if you smell like weed.” Wiz explained that he’d rather have his son see his true self, and that he’s not pretending to be anyone else. “They’re not going to get a fake version of me or this made-up parent that society makes you think that you’re supposed to be. I am who I am, and it’s not because I’m a celebrity or anything.” But hiding who he really is, just to adhere to what others expect a parent is supposed to be like? “That’s not how I’m going to be living my life ever. Hell no,” Wiz said. But what’s he smoking? “Khalifa Kush all day, every day,” Wiz told High Times last October, reaffirming that his daily smoking routine is not just some phase. Launched in 2018, Cooper’s Call Her Daddy is the most-listened to podcast by women on Spotify. “Cooper cuts through the bullshit with the topics and guests who are breaking the mold—and asking the burning questions you want the answers to. There will be joy, there will be tears. There will be everything in between.” Khalifa also said he’s “pretty sure” his 10-year-old son Sebastian Taylor Thomaz “smells like weed.” Wiz, real name Cameron Jibril Thomaz, co-parents Sebastian along with his mother Amber Rose. Last May, Wiz was spotted taking Sebastian to the Spider-Man: Across The Spider-Verse world premiere at the Regency Village Theatre in Los Angeles. While Wiz was not on the soundtrack, he was joined by others who are, including Offset. High Times has interviewed Wiz numerous times since he first broke into the mainstream market over a decade ago. “I smoke pot all day,” Wiz told High Times writer Drew Millard in 2016. I wake up and get high. But I’m more like an on-the-low stoner now. I like to get high and be high when I’m places, as opposed to just smoking everywhere like I used to. I prefer indicas—they help me out the most. Some people say they slow you down, but they pick me up.” He continued, “Weed just kind of helps me slow things down and think about them a little more. When I’m creative, I can be thinking really fast; the ideas just shoot all over the place. But if I’m stoned, I use my imagination to just hold onto that. That’s the main thing.” He went on to say that he’d choose Bob Marley to smoke with if he could choose anyone, and that California has the best weed, hands down. In 2016, Wiz announced his entrance into the cannabis market, with a new cannabis line. He worked with several growers, released flower and products under the Khalifa Kush (KK) banner. Wiz Khalifa’s cannabis line Khalifa Kush features strains like his Kush cut, the original KK, uplifting Khalifa Mints (KK x The Menthol), and the relaxing Violet Sky (GastroPop x Khalifa Mints). So where can you find Khalifa Kush cannabis right now? “Arizona, California, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, Oregon, and Pennsylvania, with a few more dropping next year, and some global expansion we’ll be announcing soon,” Wiz said. Wiz recently discussed his collaboration with Camp High to release gear modeled after specific strains of weed.  Given that the holiday is approaching, Wiz’s 4/20 plans have already been announced as well, and he’s celebrating in Denver. Cervantes’ Masterpiece Ballroom just announced that Wiz will headline the venue on 4/20 eve, which is Friday, April 19, with openers Earthgang with Chevy Woods. Then on 4/20, he’s headlining 420 on the Rocks at Red Rocks Amphitheater with the openers Flatbush Zombies, Earthgang, Chevy Woods, and DJ Bonics.

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Researchers Trace Psilocybin to Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid

A team of researchers at the University of Utah and the Natural History Museum of Utah (NHMU) just completed the largest genomic diversity study for the genus Psilocybe fungi, the psychedelic mushrooms that have been enjoyed recreationally for generations and, in more recent times, used to treat a host of different mental health disorders. According to a press release from the university, the researchers “found that Psilocybe arose much earlier than previously thought—about 65 million years ago, right around when the dinosaur-killing asteroid caused a mass extinction event,” and they “established that psilocybin was first synthesized in mushrooms in the genus Psilocybe, with four to five possible horizontal gene transfers to other mushrooms from 40 up to 9 million years ago.” “Their analysis revealed two distinct gene orders within the gene cluster that produces psilocybin. The two gene patterns correspond to an ancient split in the genus, suggesting two independent acquisitions of psilocybin in its evolutionary history. The study is the first to reveal such a strong evolutionary pattern within the gene sequences underpinning the psychoactive protein synthesis,” the press release said. The study was published this week in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Bryn Dentinger, a curator of mycology at the Natural History Museum of Utah and senior author of the study, said that if “psilocybin does turn out to be this kind of wonder drug, there’s going to be a need to develop therapeutics to improve its efficacy.”  “What if it already exists in nature?” said Dentinger. “There’s a wealth of diversity of these compounds out there. To understand where they are and how they’re made, we need to do this kind of molecular work to use biodiversity to our advantage.” According to the press release, all of “the study’s Psilocybe DNA came from specimens in museum collections around the world, with 23 of the 52 specimens identified as “type specimens,” the “gold standard designating a species against which all other samples are measured.”  “For example, say you identify a wild mushroom as a certain species of chanterelle—you’re betting that the mushroom you picked is the same as the physical material sitting in a box in a museum. The authors’ molecular work on type species is a major contribution to mycology because it establishes an authoritative foundation for all future work on Psilocybe diversity in taxonomy,” the release said. Alexander Bradshaw, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Utah and lead author of the study, said that “type specimens represent hundreds of years of thousands of scientists’ collective effort to document diversity, way before people were thinking about DNA.”  “That’s the beauty of it—no one has really sequenced type specimens at this scale, and now we get to produce molecular and genomic data to the gold standard of Psilocybe types for people to compare against,” Bradshaw said. Armed with their new findings, the researchers are now “preparing experiments to test an alternative theory that they call the Gastropod Hypothesis,” according to the press release.  “The timing and divergence dates of Psilocybe coincide with the KPg boundary, the geological marker of the asteroid that threw Earth into a brutal, prolonged winter and killed 80% of all life. Two lifeforms that thrived during the darkness and decay were fungi and terrestrial gastropods. Evidence, including the fossil record, shows that gastropods had a massive diversification and proliferation just after the asteroid hit, and it’s known that terrestrial slugs are heavy predators of mushrooms. With the study’s molecular dating of Psilocybe to around 65 million years ago, it’s possible that psilocybin evolved as a slug deterrent. They hope that their feeding experiments will shed some light on their hypothesis,” the press release said. According to Bradshaw, such studies are vital to understanding such mysterious specimens. A few years ago, per the press release, the team “set a goal to get a genome sequence for every Psilocybe type specimen,” and so far, “they’ve generated genomes of 71 type specimens and continue to collaborate with collections around the world.” “It’s impossible to overstate the importance of collections for doing studies like this. We are standing on the shoulders of giants, who spent thousands of people-power hours to create these collections, so that I can write an email and request access to rare specimens, many of which have only ever been collected once, and may never be collected again,” said Bradshaw. Dentinger said that the team has “shown here that there’s been a lot of change in gene order over time, and that provides some new tools for biotechnology.” “If you’re looking for a way to express the genes to produce psilocybin and related compounds, you no longer have to rely on only one set of gene sequences to do that. Now there’s tremendous diversity that scientists can look at for lots of different properties or efficiencies,” said Dentinger.

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Report: More Than 2 Million Pot-Related Expungements Since 2018

Over the last half-decade, millions of Americans have seen their marijuana-related convictions expunged by state courts, according to a new report from the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML). The findings highlight a byproduct of the legalization of recreational cannabis for adults, as states that have ended prohibition have also included a path toward pardons and expungements for those who have previously been busted for marijuana. Additionally, President Joe Biden issued pardons in 2022 to individuals with low-level federal marijuana convictions. NORML’s report, based on publicly available information, revealed that “state and local courts have taken action on an estimated 2.3 million marijuana-related cases” since 2018. According to the report, the states “that have been most active in providing relief to those with past convictions include California, Illinois, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, and Virginia –– all states that have legalized recreational cannabis for adults.  NORML said that it “estimates that state and local police have made more than 29 million marijuana-related arrests since 1965,” and that among those who were arrested, “some 90 percent were charged with low-level cannabis possession offenses.” “Hundreds of thousands of Americans unduly carry the burden and stigma of a past conviction for behavior that most Americans, and a growing number of states, no longer consider to be a crime,” NORML’s Deputy Director Paul Armentano said in a statement on the report. “Our sense of justice and our principles of fairness demand that public officials and the courts move swiftly to right the past wrongs of cannabis prohibition and criminalization.” NORML’s report details a number of examples of state governors and local officials issuing pardons for low-level pot convictions, including in Illinois, where Democratic Gov. J.B. Pritzker issued 11,017 pardons to those with low-level marijuana convictions in 2019. In the report, NORML also breaks down the differences between pardons and expungements. “While pardons provide a level of forgiveness for past crimes, these are not the same as expungements – which seal past convictions from public view. To facilitate the latter, lawmakers in many states in recent years have enacted laws providing explicit pathways to expunge the records of those with low-level marijuana convictions. In some cases, those eligible for expungement relief are not required to take any action. Instead, state officials automatically review past records and notify those who meet the state’s criteria for expungement. In other cases, state law requires those seeking to have their records expunged to petition the courts in order to have their records reviewed and vacated,” the report said. “Predictably, states that have automated the review and expungement process have seen a massive uptick in the processing of marijuana-related expungements.” Despite all the sweeping reforms at the state and local level, cannabis remains prohibited under federal law. But Biden’s actions were significant, affecting around 6,500 United States citizens. “As I often said during my campaign for President, no one should be in jail just for using or possessing marijuana.  Sending people to prison for possessing marijuana has upended too many lives and incarcerated people for conduct that many states no longer prohibit. Criminal records for marijuana possession have also imposed needless barriers to employment, housing, and educational opportunities.  And while white and Black and brown people use marijuana at similar rates, Black and brown people have been arrested, prosecuted, and convicted at disproportionate rates,” Biden said in 2022 after issuing the pardons.  In addition to the pardons, Biden also urged “all Governors to do the same with regard to state offenses.”   “Just as no one should be in a Federal prison solely due to the possession of marijuana, no one should be in a local jail or state prison for that reason, either,” the president said, adding that he had asked “the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Attorney General to initiate the administrative process to review expeditiously how marijuana is scheduled under federal law.” “Federal law currently classifies marijuana in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act, the classification meant for the most dangerous substances.  This is the same schedule as for heroin and LSD, and even higher than the classification of fentanyl and methamphetamine – the drugs that are driving our overdose epidemic,” he said. A year later, President Biden issued a second pardon proclamation that “will pardon additional offenses of simple possession and use of marijuana under federal and D.C. law.”  “Criminal records for marijuana use and possession have imposed needless barriers to employment, housing, and educational opportunities. Too many lives have been upended because of our failed approach to marijuana.  It’s time that we right these wrongs,” Biden said in 2023. “Just as no one should be in a federal prison solely due to the use or possession of marijuana, no one should be in a local jail or state prison for that reason, either. That’s why I continue to urge Governors to do the same with regard to state offenses and applaud those who have since taken action.”

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Thailand Seeks Public Opinion on Draft Bill To Ban Recreational Use After Decriminalizing

Thailand leaders believe the country’s move to decriminalize led to a surge of cannabis shops and unintended recreational use, and are backpedaling the law, clarifying several changes. A draft bill to ban recreational use of potent cannabis products was published online on Jan. 9. Under the bill proposal, anyone who smokes cannabis for recreational purposes will face a fine of up to 60,000 baht (about $1,709.53). Those selling cannabis or its extracts for recreational purposes face up to one year in jail or 100,000 baht (about $2,849.21) in fines, or both. Under the proposed new rules, advertising or marketing campaigns for cannabis flower, extracts, and any paraphernalia used to smoke will be prohibited. Driving while high on cannabis would be punishable with a fine of up to 20,000 baht ($569.83), or one year in jail.  The government will also tighten licensing rules for cannabis planting, sales, exports and imports. The changes are meant to rectify what lawmakers couldn’t foresee earlier. “We drafted this law to prohibit the wrong usage of cannabis,” Health Minister Cholnan Srikaew told Thai media outlets. “All recreational usage is wrong.” Published on the health ministry’s website on Tuesday, the new draft bill clarifies that only medical uses of cannabis are allowed, while outlawing recreational use. In a series of steps to decriminalize low-potency pot in Thailand, the first Asian nation to decriminalize pot, after laying out regulations for medical cannabis in 2018. That made Thailand the first Southeast Asian nation to legalize cannabis for medical use. A few years later, the Thai cabinet approved amendments to the country’s drug laws to allow for the production and sale of medical marijuana, including cannabis flower. In preparation for the new law, Thailand health and agricultural ministries collaborated to distribute one million free cannabis plants for residents to grow at home for medicinal purposes. On June 9, 2022, Thailand removed cannabis from the nation’s list of banned drugs. The catch, however, was that restaurants and cafes are permitted to sell foods and beverages infused with cannabis, but only if they contain no more than 0.2% THC, which would be called industrial hemp in the U.S.. Products with higher concentrations of THC are allowed for medical purposes. This didn’t appear to impact the ability of people in Thailand to quickly find legal loopholes. After around 6,000 cannabis shops opened in a green rush, lawmakers backpedaled after they seemingly accidentally legalized recreational use. The Strait Times reported the new law created a “regulatory vacuum,” leading to a surge in new businesses. Thailand’s newly-elected Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin spoke out against the recreational use of pot after concerns of drug abuse were raised, and vowed to reclassify cannabis as a narcotic. In September 2023, Thavisin declared war on drugs as a national agenda in his campaign, Bangkok Post reports, focusing on meth, but with part of the plan to scale back the country’s cannabis policy. “A consensus has been reached among the 11 coalition parties as well as all other parties in the opposition that the need to tackle the drugs problem is high on the agenda,” he said. “Let’s make today the start of a new fight to stamp out drug problems from society.”  Cannabis advocates criticized his decision to endorse the draft bill  without consulting the civil sector—as he had promised earlier. A pro-cannabis group—Thai Cannabis Future Writing Network—posted a response to the  Srikaew’s comments criticizing his “As Dr. Chonnan Srikaew promised the Thai Cannabis Future Writing Network when they discussed together that before the draft is brought to the Cabinet for consideration, a forum will be opened to listen to public opinion first so that the various measures are based on facts,” the Thai Cannabis Future Writing Network posted, as translated from Google. “But it appears that many media reports reported that yesterday, January 6, 2024, Minister Chonnan signed the draft. The Marijuana Act has been sent to the Cabinet. Minister Chonnan Srikaew, why doesn’t he keep his word?  “He was like this so often that we thought it was his personality. That hearing must take place before the submission of the draft. It is not that the draft has already been sent and will be heard later. We still don’t see what all the measures are laid out in your law. But from your interview, we think that many measures have problems. Not based on facts.” The organization then listed several issues they have with the draft bill.The deadline for public opinion falls on Jan. 23, after which the cabinet will weigh both the draft legislation and suggestions before it goes to Parliament for further deliberation.

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Newly Introduced Bill in Florida Proposes 10% Cap on Smokable THC Products

Florida Representative Ralph Massullo introduced House Bill 1269 on Jan. 5, which received its first reading on Jan. 9. If passed, the bill would implement limitations on potency in cannabis products specifically if adult-use cannabis is legalized. The bill proposes strict limitations for smoking products, concentrates, and edibles. “Marijuana for personal use may not have a tetrahydrocannabinol potency, by weight or volume, of greater than 10% for marijuana in a form for smoking or greater than 60% in the final product for all other forms of marijuana, excluding edibles,” the original filed version states. “Edibles for personal use may not contain more than 200 milligrams of tetrahydrocannabinol and a single serving portion of an edible may not exceed 10 milligrams of tetrahydrocannabinol.” In comparison to other state potency limitations, Massullo’s potency percentages are much lower. Also, the definition of “potency” within the HB-1269 text is complicated, described as “…the relative strength of cannabinoids, and the total amount, in milligrams, of tetrahydrocannabinol as the sum of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, plus 0.877 multiplied by tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, plus delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol as the sum of cannabidiol, plus 0.877 multiplied by cannabidiolic acid in the final product dispensed to a patient or caregiver.” There are a few other proposed bills for the Florida 2024 legislative session. House Bill 1435 would create “Registry Identification Cards” for military veterans. House Bill 1497 would exempt specific applicants from medical cannabis treatment center licenses. Senate Bill 94 proposes reduced penalties for a person possessing 20 grams of cannabis or less for the first three violations. Senate Bill 166 would create protections for medical cannabis patients if they are public employees. Massullo anticipates that adult-use legalization is right around the corner for Florida, especially with the 2024 ballot later this year. One initiative, Smart & Safe Florida, announced in June 2023 that it had gathered enough signatures to qualify for the ballot this year. The campaign’s primary funding comes from multistate operation Trulieve. According to a statement by Trulieve CEO Kim Rivers, expressed the company’s dedication to consumers. “Our investment demonstrates our firm belief that Floridians are ready to experience the freedom to use cannabis for personal consumption; a freedom which is currently enjoyed by more than half of America’s adults,” Rivers said. “With over 965,000 validated signatures from nearly every part of our state, it is clear these voters share that belief. We are thrilled the campaign has made this milestone and look forward to seeing this initiative on the ballot next November.” However, Florida Attorney General Ashley Moody challenged the initiative just after the initiative gathered enough signatures. “We want to restate the fact that the petition language for this measure—which garnered over a million signatures from Florida voters—was drafted very conservatively and with the guidance of this very court,” Smart & Safe Florida stated in October 2023. “We anticipate that the court will stick to its deferential standard of review and will agree that the language strictly adheres to the law and the Florida constitution and will give the voters the opportunity to vote on this subject.” In November 2023, oral arguments were made by the Florida Supreme Court. In response, Smart & Safe Florida released a statement about the hearing. “We believe that after today’s oral arguments, it is clear that the language was drafted to conform to the roadmap that the Court itself has provided in prior cases,” the organization wrote. “We hope that the Court agrees that the language strictly adheres to the law and will allow the citizens of Florida to exercise their sovereign right to decide whether to amend their constitution.” So far, no more progress has been made on the case, and the future of Smart & Safe Florida’s initiative is uncertain. According to data provided by the University of North Florida’s Public Opinion Research Lab, 67% of poll participants said they would support adult-use cannabis in Florida, while only 28% said they would vote no, and 5% said they didn’t know, or declined to answer the question. Recently, a different cannabis-related 2024 ballot initiative that would have allowed medical cannabis patients to grow their own cannabis at home was recently ended. In late December 2023, activists from a group called Wise and Free announced that they had withdrawn the initiative due to not collecting enough signatures. “The legislators keep making it harder for us to pass constitutional amendments so that giant conglomerates and large corporations are able to accomplish what they want, but we’re not,” said advocate Moriah Barnhart. The initiative required 900,000 signatures, but the group also lacked necessary funding to properly manage the campaign. “When we could foresee being charged for late petitions in the millions, I couldn’t risk being personally accountable for those fees—especially since donations weren’t coming in to match the expenditures, much less additional costs,” Barnhart continued. “Now, billion-dollar companies and conglomerates are the only people who can have a say in Florida law.”

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California Judge Rules Against Feds in Suit Filed by Ayahuasca Church

A federal judge in California has ruled against a motion from the U.S. Attorney General’s office to dismiss a lawsuit filed by a church that uses the psychedelic brew ayahuasca as a sacrament. The suit was filed last year by the Church of the Celestial Heart after a shipment of ayahuasca to the church was intercepted by law enforcement officials. The legal action, which names U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland and other federal officials as defendants in the case, was filed by Jade Osborne, the wife of the Church of the Celestial Heart’s pastor Kai Karrel and the intended recipient of the shipment. After the ayahuasca shipment was intercepted, Osborne was arrested and criminally charged in 2021 by authorities in Tulare County, although prosecutors have not filed formal charges. Osborne, the church, and additional plaintiffs maintain in the lawsuit filed in April 2023 that the federal government is forcing them to choose between practicing their religion or going against their beliefs to avoid prosecution by law enforcement. “Ayahuasca is an essential sacrament for Karrel, without which he cannot practice his religion or provide services to the church’s members,” the church writes in its suit, according to a report from Courthouse News Service. “Despite these threats, Karrel intends to continue possessing and using the church’s sacrament — ayahuasca.” In the legal action, the church is seeking preliminary and permanent injunctions barring Garland and federal officials from prosecuting members of the church for using ayahuasca. The suit also requests attorney’s fees and other forms of relief from the government. The attorney general’s office filed a motion to dismiss the case, maintaining that the church did state a claim in its filing and does not have standing to file the suit because the seizure was not an injury caused by the named defendants in the case. Although the Department of Homeland Security seized the shipment of ayahuasca, an official with the Tulare County Sheriff’s Office investigated the case and arrested Osborne. The motion also requested that if the case was not dismissed, it be stayed until the church applies for a religious exemption to the Controlled Substances Act.  U.S. Magistrate Judge Stanley A. Boone ruled against the attorney general’s office on all counts. “The court finds plaintiffs have sufficiently alleged a genuine threat of imminent prosecution … and this supports the conclusion that plaintiffs have demonstrated standing,” the judge wrote in his decision. Boone noted in his decision that church members intend to continue importing, possessing and using ayahuasca because the church cannot function properly without the sacrament. Members of the church also intend to continue using ayahuasca in its rituals, even with the threat of prosecution from federal and local authorities. “Here, Celestial Heart alleges it has suffered both financial and spiritual loss having its sacrament confiscated and destroyed,” the judge wrote. “That it is substantially burdened by being forced to choose between following the tenets of its religion or being coerced to act contrary to its religious beliefs by the threat of civil or criminal sanctions; and that it intends to continue importing, possessing, and using its sacrament, for without its sacrament, the Church cannot provide essential services.” Church members say they believe the ayahuasca was destroyed after it was seized. But the judge determined that even if the brew was destroyed, the threat of federal prosecution of church members could be traced back to the federal officials named in the lawsuit. Boone also ruled against the attorney general’s motion to stay the case to allow the Drug Enforcement Administration to investigate the religious exemption claims made by the church. Sean T. McAllister, a Denver attorney representing the Church of the Celestial Heart, declined a request from the Courthouse News Service to comment on the legal action. “Here, Celestial Heart alleges it has suffered both financial and spiritual loss having its sacrament confiscated and destroyed,” Boone wrote. “That it is substantially burdened by being forced to choose between following the tenets of its religion or being coerced to act contrary to its religious beliefs by the threat of civil or criminal sanctions; and that it intends to continue importing, possessing, and using its sacrament, for without its sacrament, the Church cannot provide essential services.”

https://hightimes.com/

Small Stanford Study Shows Ibogaine Could Be Used To Treat PTSD

Ibogaine, a powerful psychedelic derived from an African shrub long thought to be useful in treating heroin and opiate addiction, was recently the subject of a Stanford study which showed it may also be effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder. Stanford researchers followed the journey of 30 veterans of the United States special forces, all of whom had suffered one or more traumatic brain injuries during their military careers from repeated blast exposures. These veterans opted, of their own accord, to go to Mexico where ibogaine treatments are legal to undergo treatment and try to relieve some of their symptoms, which no other drugs known to modern medicine have been able to do.  “No other drug has ever been able to alleviate the functional and neuropsychiatric symptoms of traumatic brain injury,” said Nolan Williams, MD, an associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences. “The results are dramatic, and we intend to study this compound further.” Ibogaine experiences have anecdotally been described as an incredibly intense experience at best and a horribly unpleasant one at worst. The drug is combined with magnesium in clinical settings, according to a Stanford press release, to prevent heart complications which have been associated with ibogaine in the past. The participants of this study filled out a questionnaire to assess their symptoms before traveling to an ibogaine clinic in Mexico run by Ambio Life Sciences. The participants were screened again after receiving treatment.  “There were a handful of veterans who had gone to this clinic in Mexico and were reporting anecdotally that they had great improvements in all kinds of areas of their lives after taking ibogaine,” Williams said. “Our goal was to characterize those improvements with structured clinical and neurobiological assessments.” Before receiving treatment, Stanford researchers said the participants of the study were all experiencing severe symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation to name a few. According to Stanford, all of the participants were experiencing clinically significant levels of disability from their traumatic brain injuries. 23 met the criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder, 14 for anxiety disorder, and 15 for alcohol use disorder. 19 had been suicidal in their lifetimes and seven had previously attempted to take their own lives.  “These men were incredibly intelligent, high-performing individuals who experienced life-altering functional disability from TBI during their time in combat,” Williams said. “They were all willing to try most anything that they thought might help them get their lives back.” The results of the study showed great promise that ibogaine may be useful in treating some or all of the symptoms these men experienced. Stanford researchers disclosed that before they received treatment, the participants shared an average disability rating of 30.2 on the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale 2.0, which in layman’s terms means they all suffered from mild to moderate disability. That number got knocked down to 5.1 after ibogaine treatment, indicating no disability.  The improvements seemed to last beyond the treatment phase as well. One month after receiving ibogaine, which is when the study ended, participants reported an average of 88% reduction in PTSD symptoms, an 87% reduction in depression symptoms and an 81% reduction in anxiety symptoms. Cognitive testing also showed improvements in participants’ concentration, information processing, memory and impulsivity abilities.  Two of the participants chose to publicly share their experiences with ibogaine treatment in the Stanford press release. Both expressed anecdotally that their experiences before and after receiving treatment were night and day respectively. Craig, a 52-year-old study participant from Colorado who served 27 years in the U.S. Navy told Stanford researchers he knew he needed help when he forgot his wife’s name.  “I wasn’t willing to admit I was dealing with any TBI challenges. I just thought I’d had my bell rung a few times — until the day I forgot my wife’s name,” Craig said. “Since [ibogaine treatment], my cognitive function has been fully restored. This has resulted in advancement at work and vastly improved my ability to talk to my children and wife.” Sean, a 51-year-old veteran from Arizona with six combat deployments, told researchers that ibogaine treatment saved his life.  “Before the treatment, I was living life in a blizzard with zero visibility and a cold, hopeless, listless feeling,” Sean said. “After ibogaine, the storm lifted.” Despite showing promise both anecdotally and in formal studies, ibogaine is considered a Schedule 1 narcotic in all 50 states, meaning it is considered to have no medical value. 

https://hightimes.com/

Some Interesting Things

Hello. The internet be can overwhelming. News can be scary. Here are a few things, people, etc. that may or may not ease the pain of being on Earth. Leyland Kirby, aka The Caretaker, made ambient music that explored memory and was supposed to sound like the progression of dementia. Listening to it is a very haunting and beautiful and sad, cathartic experience—perfect for a moment spent alone. If you live in Los Angeles area, you’re very lucky because you’re able to go to Valley Glen and see the Great Wall of Los Angeles, a half-mile long mural done by Judy Baca (with the help of 400 other people), depicting all sorts of monumental moments in history, including the California Gold Rush, the development of suburbia, and the civil rights movement. If you live on the west side and don’t want to go all the way to Valley Glen, Baca founded the Social and Public Art Resource Center (SPARC) in Venice, which has a wonderful exhibit going on dedicated to the continuation of the Wall. I read this book a few months ago and loved it so much. Le Corbusier was an architect and city planner from Switzerland (who moved to France in 1917), certainly one of the most famous architects of all time, but the world of architecture is new to me and exciting, so learning about his philosophies and reading along as he builds this imaginary—but real!—utopian Paris was such a fun journey. And some of the things he says, design-wise, are so straightforward and easy enough to never think of, like a straight line is for business and a wavy line is recreational. I recommend checking your local bookstore first before ordering it on Amazon, but here’s the link anyway. I was planning on reading a different book by him, something less introductory, I figured: I read, I could handle it, but in reality, this was the perfect first step into a realm that I knew/know nothing about. And what a soft, pillowy first step it was. That’s not to say the book wasn’t confusing; it was wildly confusing, but that’s kind of the heart of Zen, if I understand it correctly (which I don’t). One plus one doesn’t have to equal two. If you’re on a bridge with a river underneath it, it’s not the river flowing but the bridge. Amazon again 🙁 My personal favorite is The Novelist’s Film but Grass is good too, so is On the Beach at Night Alone, and many more. The usually consist of a lot of eating and drinking and talking about love and relationships, art, aging, you know, typical human focal points. “Tender” is how I would describe a majority of his films.

https://hightimes.com/

Wasted Weed: Canada’s Disposal of 3.7 Million Pounds of Cannabis Since 2018

In 2022 and the first half of 2023, Canada went through a whopping 611.7 million grams (yeah, that’s 1.3 million pounds) of cannabis dried bud, but not in a fun way. All of the marijuana in question was tossed out by licensed producers as the result of a disparity between how much is grown and how much people use.  They chucked out nearly 44% more than the 425.3 million grams destroyed last year. According to Health Canada, the reported figures actually only account for the weight of destroyed unpackaged cannabis. This indicates that the total volume of cannabis waste in Canada, including products that had already been packaged, could be much higher, perhaps well exceeding 2 billion grams. Industry expert and consultant Farrell Miller notes that the majority of this discarded product was destroyed for being too old and having too little THC. “There is no demand for old and low-THC products, so manufacturers of finished products are not buying this biomass as inputs,” she said. “It’s likely low-quality material with no value. “As consumers become more savvy with packaging dates on dried cannabis products, this trend will only continue.” If the destructive pattern continues at the same alarming rate from July to December 2023, it could mean that Canada’s cannabis industry has already hit the apex of its supply-demand mismatch. So it’s trying to move towards a balance, as wasteful as it is (not to mention awful for the environment). Canada may be the first big nation to legalize adult-use weed back in 2018, but we know now that Canadians aren’t smoking enough to keep up with the supply. MJBizDaily estimates that more than 1.7 billion grams (3.7 million pounds) of unsold and unpackaged dried flower have been thrown out. And this number doesn’t even include the packaged products. Approximately 24 million packages of cannabis products have also met the same fate since 2018. After Canada legalized recreational cannabis sales, there was a surge in licensed producers excessively cultivating the plant. As a result, from 2017 to around 2020, right before the pandemic hit and during the cannabis stock boom, the focus of analysts and investors was more on the potential production volume promised by cannabis companies rather than on their actual sales figures. This motivated licensees to invest heavily in giant greenhouses. However, the model was not sustainable. These vast cultivation areas generally fell short of delivering the premium, high-THC cannabis that consumers were seeking, highlighting a significant gap between production output and market demand. Marie Sweeney, a cannabis team adviser at Cannabis License Experts, a consultancy based in Ontario, has also noted that the slew of weed business shutdowns in the industry is part of why they’re destroying so much herb. She notes that bankrupt companies are often forced to get rid of any unsold products if they are not sold off prior to the expiration date of their federal permits. As per MJBizDaily, Sweeney also says that the new labeling standards for high-THC products are a major issue. While plenty of cannabis users understandably want strong weed, this creates a market surplus of lower THC but still quality cannabis flower. Plenty of wholesalers have policies of rejecting products with less than 20-25% THC. Furthermore, Sweeney points out that many companies don’t have effective business models. These are all problems made worse by the fact that there’s just a rampant overproduction of cannabis. So what about a solution to this heartbreaking problem of wasted weed? Miller suggests that the Canadian federal government should seek methods to align public policy and regulatory activities more closely with provincial regulators and cannabis license holders. “There haven’t been any limits placed on issuing licenses, and that is contributing to the oversupply,” she said. “If there was more of a national coordination effort, that would give the federal government more insight into what is actually making it onto the shelves in stores. Only the federal government licenses production – and the provincial and territorial governments manage retail – so a more coordinated approach within the industry, among the provincial and federal governments, would help manage the oversupply of licensed products.” She adds that those who have cultivation licenses must find a way to grow cannabis that meets minimum THC requirements if they want anyone to buy their product. “Retailers and wholesale suppliers across the country have adapted to consumer demands by purchasing primarily high-THC products,” she said. “Licensed growers and manufacturers have accumulated trim and biomass that cannot be sold or created into high-impact products, (meaning it) is often destroyed. Improved oversight, data sharing, and communication between the federal government and retailers across the country would help control the production of excess cannabis by balancing production with consumer demand.”

https://hightimes.com/

West Virginia Legislator Support Cannabis as Method To Reduce Fentanyl Overdoses

Ahead of the beginning of the legislative session in West Virginia, many legislators gathered at a press event on Jan. 5 to discuss topics such as funding various organizations (such as firefighting or cybersecurity), but Senate President Craig Blair touched on cannabis. Blair was asked if adult-use cannabis was a reliable way of “quelling the fentanyl scourge,” according to West Virginia Public Broadcasting. “My gut tells me it might not happen this year,” said Blair. “But you’re going to see it sooner than later because that is a way to combat that issue.” He added that he will be sponsoring a bill that would punish those who manufacture and distribute illegal fentanyl. “Do I think anybody will ever be put to death in the state of West Virginia,” said Blair. “I doubt it. But what we’re wanting to do is send a message out to these animals that are selling us, and manufacturing this, to stay the hell out of West Virginia.” The West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources reported in 2020 that the opioid crisis was a public health emergency. “West Virginia is one of the states most impacted by the current opioid crisis. In 1999, West Virginia had a lower rate of overdose deaths than the national average at 4.1 per 100,000 population versus a national rate of 6.0,” the report explained. “In 2001, West Virginia surpassed the national rate and in 2010 became the state with the highest rate of overdose deaths in the nation. West Virginia continues to lead the nation in overdose deaths, with its highest rate of 57.8 recorded in 2017.” More recent data from late 2022 shows that the state reported 1,403 fatal overdoses in West Virginia between March 2021 and March 2022, with 84% of that number including fentanyl. During the press event, Blair allegedly claimed that 70% of cannabis in West Virginia tests positive for containing fentanyl. He also claimed that when he drives by and/or visits dispensaries in other neighboring states, many of the parked vehicles have West Virginia license plates, so he sees cannabis on the horizon. House Minority Leader Sean Hornbuckle showed support for cannabis legalization as well. “We’re a believer in adult-use cannabis,” he said in reference to his democratic associates. He added that citizen support for cannabis is “well into the 60s,” described legalization as “something that we can have in our toolkit that can help pay for items,” and suggested a constitutional amendment for voters to choose if they want to legalize. West Virginia’s medical cannabis program became law in 2017, but license registration didn’t open until May 2021, and the first dispensary didn’t open until November 2021. However, attempts to push adult-use legalization have still been met with resistance. In summer 2021, advocates in four cities attempted to collect signatures for cannabis decriminalization efforts, although the initiatives didn’t proceed to the ballot. Advocates for a cannabis decriminalization initiative began collecting signatures in June 2022 but also didn’t see much progress. The city of Huntington, West Virginia welcomed the opening of its first dispensary, called Huntington Gardens, which is owned by Ukrainian immigrants, in September 2023. According to co-owners Frederick Bartolovic and Kayla McClaskey, many Ukrainians are moving into the cannabis industry. “I am sure that the blue and yellow in the middle of Herd Country must be odd to see for some, especially this time of the year with football season,” said McClaskey. “Rest assured though, it is not some bold representation of the Mountaineers of [West Virginia University], in fact the owners of the new dispensary are actually Ukrainian immigrants who have lived and built many successful businesses across Colorado, California, Michigan, New Jersey, and now here in West Virginia.” According to NBC News as of a year ago, more than 271,000 people have been admitted into the U.S. since the Ukraine-Russia war began. West Virginia shared a border with five states, including. Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Maryland adult-use cannabis sales began in July 2023 and as of Jan. 8, the state has collected more than $700 million in sales. Meanwhile, Ohio became the 23rd state to legalize adult-use cannabis in November 2023. Pennsylvania legalized medical cannabis back in 2016 but advocates are still working to get adult-use passed. Kentucky Gov. Andy Beshear has continually provided updates on the progress of the state’s medical cannabis program, and reported in October 2023 that it isn’t expected to launch until January 2025. Virginia legalized adult-use cannabis in 2021 with a goal of legal sales beginning this month, but state legislators have not yet implemented a regulatory framework. Virginia NORML Executive Director JM Pedini spoke with WUSA9 about the delay. “This is really frustrating for Virginians right now,” JM Pedini said. “It is entirely typical for there to be some amount of time between the date that legalization takes effect in the state and the date that retail sales can begin. But three years is far too long.” Reports from late last year also showed that like people in West Virginia, Virginia medical cannabis patients residents are traveling to other states to get their medicine.

https://hightimes.com/

Maine’s 2023 Adult-Use Cannabis Sales Top $200 Million

Maine’s regulated adult-use cannabis industry generated more than $200 million in sales last year, an increase of 36% over 2022, according to information from the state Office of Cannabis Policy. But cannabis business owners who feel that Maine’s cannabis market is becoming oversaturated say that the numbers obscure the challenges licensed operators will face in the not-too-distant future. Maine’s licensed recreational marijuana retailers rang up 3.7 million transactions in 2022, raking in about $217 million in the process, according to information released by state regulators on Monday. The yearly total represents a 36% increase over the $159 million in sales recorded in 2022. John Hudak, director of the Office of Cannabis Policy, said the 2023 numbers do not tell the whole story about the health of Maine’s cannabis industry. “The sales numbers are up almost 40%. That’s a strong testament to how the industry continues to grow,” Hudak told the Portland Press Herald. “But hidden in these numbers, too, is a pretty significant decrease in price.” Cannabis prices decreased by about 16% overall in 2023, Hudak said, a drop that indicates that Maine’s cannabis growers are producing too much weed. While consumers appreciate the lower prices, the drop in profits can be bad news for producers and retailers. “Even with the increases in overall sales, the decreased prices do make it harder to operate,” Hudak said. “Eventually we’re going to see business closures.” The Maine legislature legalized recreational marijuana sales in 2018, with licensed sales of adult-use cannabis beginning in October 2020. Earlier legislation that legalized personal possession and home cultivation of cannabis went into effect in 2017. The early days of regulated recreational marijuana sales in Maine saw limited supply, resulting in high prices for consumers at the state’s retailers. But as more licensed operators ramp up their businesses, oversupply has become a significant issue for Maine’s legal cannabis industry. The average price of a gram of smokable cannabis flower was $16.68 when recreational marijuana sales began three years ago. In December of last year, the price had dropped to $7.53 per gram. Mark Benjamin, owner of the Botany cannabis dispensary in Rockland, said foot traffic has climbed steadily since he opened the shop in late 2021. But with falling prices coinciding with an increase in licensed retailers, he and his staff have created new incentives to encourage customers to spend more.  “There may be tens of millions of dollars flowing into (the market), but it is certainly spread out across more stores,” said Benjamin. With his business thriving, Benjamin is set to open a new Botany shop in Belfast, Maine in the next few days. But he acknowledges that some business owners have had a more difficult time succeeding, particularly those who do not have ready access to capital. “Everyone was dropping and dropping their prices in order to get enough cash in the door to cover their costs,” he said. “The weaker players are starting to drop out of the market,” he said. Hayden Stokes and Zach Dolgos are the owners of The Happy Canary, a cannabis cultivator that has been supplying Maine’s medical cannabis industry for the last six years. In December, they opened their Blue Lobster dispensary in Casco, Maine, the town’s first recreational marijuana retailer. Stokes said they hope to gain the license needed to grow for the adult-use market soon, seeing vertical integration as the key to the company’s success. “Having our own retail is a big part of the solution,” he said.  “When you have your own retail, you can set your own fate.” Hudak said that he believes that Maine’s cannabis industry will see a few more years of sales growth before the yearly total begins to plateau. David Vickers, owner of Origins Cannabis Company in Augusta and Manchester, said that he believes much of the industry’s growth will come from southern coastal towns. “You’re going to continue to see people flocking to Maine,” he said. “I don’t think we’ve hit the summit yet, but I think we’re certainly getting there. There are only so many people in Maine.” Vickers, Stokes and Benjamin all operate businesses that serve or will soon serve both the recreational and medical cannabis markets. They believe many medical marijuana businesses will soon either switch to recreational marijuana or end operations completely. In April, the Office of Cannabis Policy released a report warning about a “mass exodus” of the industry’s medical caregivers. In 2016, the number of caregivers hit a peak of about 3,250. By December 2023, the number had fallen to 1,763. “I’m seeing the medical side suffering as the recreational side increases,” Vickers said. “That to me, long term, may not be a good thing for Maine. We have so many small farmers that may very likely lose their livelihood.”

https://hightimes.com/

Dept. of Veteran Affairs To Fund Studies on Psilocybin and MDMA for PTSD, Depression

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) issued a request for applications (RFA) for proposals from its pool of researchers to study the vast potential of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin, the active compound is magic mushrooms, in treating post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. The organization is funding this type of research for the first time in decades. Through this new research initiative, the VA intends to collect definitive scientific evidence on the potential efficacy of MDMA and psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (or what they call psilocybin-augmented psychotherapy) to treat veterans living with PTSD and depression.  According to The New York Times, the last time that the VA explored psychedelics as a medical treatment was in 1963, when psychedelics were being explored for treating alcoholism and mental disorders. “This is the first time since the 1960s that VA is funding research on such compounds,” the announcement reads. Four government-funded researchers spoke with The New York Times in 2022 about their respective studies involving MDMA and psilocybin as a treatment for military veterans. Leaders echoed the organization’s support for solid evidence that could help to understand the relationship and eventually back up medical claims related to psychedelic-assisted therapy. “Our nation’s Veterans deserve the very best care, and VA is constantly supporting innovations to deliver that,” said Secretary of Veterans Affairs Denis McDonough. “This is an important step to explore the efficacy of a potential new set of promising treatments that could improve the health and quality of life for veterans.” PTSD represents a $230 billion estimated annual economic burden in the U.S., lending to the idea that alternative treatments are desperately needed. “Veterans and VA researchers have told us about the potential promise of psychedelics to treat mental health conditions for some time,” VA’s Under Secretary for Health Dr. Shereef Elnahal said in a statement. “Now is our chance to study this potential method of treating Veterans with PTSD and major depression across the country.” A spokesperson said that the VA had nothing additional to share to High Times. MDMA and psilocybin are controlled substances, but research on them can be conducted via rigorous regulatory approvals, including approvals from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).  The FDA granted breakthrough therapy status for MDMA for treating PTSD and psilocybin for treating depression in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The announcement notes that last September, a chorus of VA and other federal clinicians, scientists, and policymakers gathered in Denver, Colorado to assess the state of existing scientific evidence regarding psychedelic-assisted therapies. That helped to provide advice to VA leadership, recommending that their team begin funding their own studies into these compounds. This guidance was based on previously published studies that show promise, yet they did not include veterans.  Researchers at Johns Hopkins learned that psilocybin-assisted therapy, along with supportive therapy, can reduce symptoms of depression for up to 12 months. In addition, 86% of participants in a recent peer-reviewed study achieved a “clinically meaningful benefit” from using MDMA to treat PTSD. VA organizations including the American Legion, Disabled American Veterans, and mental health provider groups called for expanding research.  The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for fiscal year 2024, or H.R. 2740,  authorized the study of psychedelics within military populations by the Department of Defense. With this new announcement, VA will join the National Institutes of Health in supporting research that will yield insights for treating PTSD and depression. The new RFA will allow for the critical step of directly assessing the efficacy and safety surrounding MDMA and psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy–but this time, with Veterans. Keeping on the safe side, the VA added the disclaimer, “VA does not recommend psychedelics for use as part of a self-treatment program.” High Times reported recently that Lykos Therapeutics (formerly known as MAPS Public Benefit Corporation or MAPS PBC) submitted an application for FDA approval after more than three decades of clinical research into the potential use of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD. MAPS PBC or Lykos Therapeutics is a subsidiary of the groundbreaking psychedelics nonprofit advocacy group the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), which has been working to develop new psychedelic-based treatments for decades. After reporting promising results from two clinical trials investigating MDMA-assisted therapy as a treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), MAPS PBC announced in January that the company planned to submit the new drug application (NDA) to the FDA in the third quarter of 2023. In phase 3 trials, 71% of participants reversed their PTSD diagnosis with no serious adverse events.  Research, even on medical cannabis for PTSD, has been severely hampered by its status as a schedule I narcotic under federal law.

https://hightimes.com/

Cannabeginners: What is Vaping?

Vape pens, portable vapes, desktop vaporizers, enails, and dabbing; vaping can take many forms and not every vaporizer and type of vaporization is created equally. What is clear is that vaping has had a seismic impact on the cannabis market, and with new products coming out every year, there is something for everyone.  There is a hot debate around what technically is vaporization and what is combustion. While water vaporizes at 100°C/212°F, everything has a different vaporization point, including all the different cannabinoids and terpenes in cannabis.  Most of the common terpenes in cannabis have a vaporization point between 155°C/311°F and 213°C/415°F. Most of the major cannabinoids have a vaporization point somewhere between 157°C/315°F and 220°C/428°F, but some, like the acidic cannabinoids THCa and CBDa begin to vaporize at lower temperatures, decarboxylating into THC and CBD with heat. In a 2006 study, Arno Hazekamp and his team of researchers observed that using the highest temperature setting on a Volcano vaporizer caused the “maximum delivery of THC,” as 33% of the THCa was converted to THC.  While those are the vaporization points, the point of combustion, where something burns, is a little different, but also depends on the substance being burned. For organic matter, like dried cannabis or books, Fahrenheit 451 is generally viewed as the temperature where combustion begins, but signs of combustion may happen sooner, like charring in areas more prone to burning (the leaf tips of cannabis versus the stems). The goal of effective and efficient vaporization is to access as many cannabinoids and terpenes as possible without causing combustion. By avoiding combustion, it is possible to avoid many of the carcinogens produced by smoking or charring food (yes, even the char in your barbeque has some carcinogens in it), which makes vaping much healthier than smoking.  So in short, a vaporizer should be creating vapor (in the case of cannabis, a diffuse fog of cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and other molecules), but not smoke, which requires combustion from excessive heat.  Most resources online say that the temperature range for a “low temperature dab” is between 400 and 500°F, which as we just learned, is potentially not vaporization depending on how close to 500°F it is. According to Leafly, dabbing temperatures range between 204°C/400°F and potentially over 316°C/600°F for “hot dabs.” A 2017 study looking at dabbing temperatures found that above 403°C/757°F, various toxicants could be formed including benzene and methacrolein, with the greatest amount being produced above 526°C/978°F.  So clearly, most dabbing is not technically a form of vaporization, as the temperature is too high and some combustion will occur, and possibly the formation of toxic by-products if the heat is not controlled. If an e-nail is used to keep temperatures well below 450°F then it would be true vaporization, rather than a combination of vaporization and combustion.  Conduction is the most basic type of heating, caused by direct transfer of heat. For example, heating a pot on your stove uses conductive heat from either the gas or electric burner to warm the pot. When it comes to cannabis, when the fire from a lighter is applied to a bowl of flower, the flower is ignited by direct conductive heat. Similarly, the nail in dabbing is heated by conduction either from a blowtorch or electric power supply.  Conduction-based vaporizers are known for being able to produce much bigger, thicker clouds of vapor, but runs the risk of burning the cannabis flower or concentrate, and that partial combustion results in a worse flavor. Even worse, a poorly designed conduction vaporizer can actually fully combust plant matter inside, causing a fire inside the vaporizer (which this author has observed in multiple conduction-based vaporizers). All vape pens use conductive heating, where a heating element is inside a cartridge filled with cannabis oil, and low quality devices will smolder the oil closest to the heat source, leading to partial-combustion rather than true vaporization of the oil.  While conduction was direct heat, like from a stovetop, convection is indirect heating, through air or the movement of another fluid, such as in a convection oven where the air is heated and that heated air cooks the food inside. The main benefit of convection is there is a much lower risk of combustion using an indirect heat source, as evidenced by convection ovens reaching temperatures over the point of combustion, but not burning the food inside.For cannabis vaporizers, convection means tastier vaping, as less of your terpenes are burnt off by harsh conductive heating. So while you may not be blowing massive clouds of, what could be smoke, you will be enjoying all the terpenes and natural flavors of the cannabis in your vape, with greater health benefits as there will be a lower chance of partial-combustion taking place. For these reasons, many vapers prefer the benefits of convective heating over conduction, as convection generally is truly vaporizing the product, but with conduction it really depends on the quality of the device being used.  Whereas convection and conduction both are forms of heating that differ when it comes to physical contact (how close the heat source is to the fuel/cannabis), induction is a radically different form of heating that has recently begun to see use in the cannabis vaporizer market. Induction is a form of heating that uses electromagnetic energy to pass heat through an inductor, causing something to heat up internally, rather than transferring heat to it through direct or indirect contact. As the heat is generated internally, this generally results in much faster heating. Faraday’s Law, the same principle that is behind the magic of a Faraday cage (where someone can be “electrocuted” but the suit absorbs it), is also what powers inductive heating in vaporizers and on induction stovetops. Like convection vaporizers, induction vaporizers produce a better tasting vapor and a smaller cloud than conduction. So in the end, what type of vaporization is best? It depends on what matters to you the most. If you want the biggest, thickest clouds you can blow, then you are looking for a conduction vape. If you want a better flavor and don’t care about blowing huge clouds (that may actually be smoke, rather than vapor), then go for a convection or an induction vaporizer.

FAQ: How to use this hemp news hub

What topics does Chow420’s hemp news cover?

We aggregate and surface reputable coverage on hemp laws and enforcement, THC thresholds and policy proposals, cannabinoid products (CBD/Delta-8/hemp-derived THC), compliance, lab testing, recalls, and broader industry news.

Is this legal advice?

No. This page is for news and education. Hemp rules can change quickly and vary by state—always verify against the latest official guidance and consult qualified counsel for compliance decisions.

How do I evaluate hemp product safety claims?

Look for current third‑party COAs (Certificates of Analysis), clear ingredient labeling, and transparent sourcing. Be cautious with vague potency claims or missing lab reports.

Why do some articles mention Delta‑8 or “hemp-derived THC”?

These products often sit at the center of policy and enforcement changes. We track major updates so shoppers and brands can understand evolving requirements and market impacts.

How often is the news updated?

The crawler is scheduled to run daily. New items appear as sources publish updates.